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A systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton background: III. Impact of the magnetospheric environment

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Abstract

A detailed characterization of the particle induced background is fundamental for many of the scientific objectives of the Athena X-ray telescope, thus an adequate knowledge of the background that will be encountered by Athena is desirable. Current X-ray telescopes have shown that the intensity of the particle induced background can be highly variable. Different regions of the magnetosphere can have very different environmental conditions, which can, in principle, differently affect the particle induced background detected by the instruments. We present results concerning the influence of the magnetospheric environment on the background detected by EPIC instrument onboard XMM-Newton through the estimate of the variation of the in-Field-of-View background excess along the XMM-Newton orbit. An important contribution to the XMM background, which may affect the Athena background as well, comes from soft proton flares. Along with the flaring component a low-intensity component is also present. We find that both show modest variations in the different magnetozones and that the soft proton component shows a strong trend with the distance from Earth.

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Notes

  1. http://space-env.esa.int/index.php/news-reader/items/AREMBES.html

  2. http://www.extras-fp7.eu

  3. http://dev.sepem.oma.be/help/event_ref.html

  4. http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton/list-of-tc-radmon

  5. https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/xmm/xmmhp_trend.html

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Acknowledgements

The AHEAD project (grant agreement n. 654215) which is part of the EU-H2020 programm is acknowledged for partial support. This work is part of the AREMBES WP1 activity funded by ESA through contract No. 4000116655/16/NL/BW. Results presented here are based, in part, upon work funded through the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7-SPACE-2013-1), under grant agreement n. 607452, “Exploring the X-ray Transient and variable Sky - EXTraS”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INAF-IASF Milano, via E. Bassini 15, I-20133, Milano, Italy

    Simona Ghizzardi, Martino Marelli, David Salvetti, Fabio Gastaldello, Silvano Molendi, Andrea De Luca, Mariachiara Rossetti & Andrea Tiengo

  2. INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, via Brera 28, I-20121, Milano, Italy

    Alberto Moretti

  3. Istituto Universitario di Studi Superiori, piazza della Vittoria 15, I-27100, Pavia, Italy

    Andrea De Luca & Andrea Tiengo

Authors
  1. Simona Ghizzardi
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  2. Martino Marelli
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  3. David Salvetti
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  4. Fabio Gastaldello
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  5. Silvano Molendi
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  6. Andrea De Luca
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  7. Alberto Moretti
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  8. Mariachiara Rossetti
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  9. Andrea Tiengo
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Correspondence to Simona Ghizzardi.

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Ghizzardi, S., Marelli, M., Salvetti, D. et al. A systematic analysis of the XMM-Newton background: III. Impact of the magnetospheric environment. Exp Astron 44, 273–285 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-017-9554-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-017-9554-1

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