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Scientific prospects for spectroscopy of the gamma-ray burst prompt emission with SVOM

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Abstract

SVOM (Space-based multi-band astronomical Variable Objects Monitor) is a Sino-French space mission dedicated to the study of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) in the next decade, capable to detect and localise the GRB emission, and to follow its evolution in the high-energy and X-ray domains, and in the visible and NIR bands. The satellite carries two wide-field high-energy instruments: a coded-mask gamma-ray imager (ECLAIRs; 4–150 keV), and a gamma-ray spectrometer (GRM; 15–5500 keV) that, together, will characterise the GRB prompt emission spectrum over a wide energy range. In this paper we describe the performances of the ECLAIRs and GRM system with different populations of GRBs from existing catalogues, from the classical ones to those with a possible thermal component superimposed to their non-thermal emission. The combination of ECLAIRs and the GRM will provide new insights also on other GRB properties, as for example the spectral characterisation of the subclass of short GRBs showing an extended emission after the initial spike.

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Notes

  1. http://geant4.cern.ch/

  2. We recall that the cutPL function is a subset of the Band function, obtained in the limit β →∞.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the anonymous referee for the valuable comments and suggestions. We thank V. Connaghton for helpful discussions. This work has been carried out thanks to the support of the OCEVU Labex (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) funded by the “Investissements d’Avenir” French government program managed by the ANR. YWD acknowledges the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS under Grant NO. 2014009.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS/IN2P3, Place Eugene Bataillon, 34000, Montpellier, France

    M. G. Bernardini & F. Piron

  2. Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, INAF, via E. Bianchi 46, 23807, Merate, Italy

    M. G. Bernardini

  3. KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Roslagstullsbacken 21, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden

    F. Xie

  4. Key Laboratory of Particle and Astrophysics, CAS, No. 19B Yuquan Road, 100049, Beijing, China

    F. Xie

  5. CEA Saclay, DSM/IRFU/Service d’Astrophysique, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    P. Sizun & B. Cordier

  6. Key Laboratory of High Energy Physics, CAS, 19B Yuquan Road, 100049, Beijing, China

    Y. Dong

  7. IRAP, Université de Toulouse, UPS-OMP, 14, Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France

    J.-L. Atteia & O. Godet

  8. LAL, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France

    S. Antier

  9. CEA Saclay, DSM/IRFU/Service d’Astrophysique, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    S. Antier

  10. Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, UPMC-CNRS, UMR7095, 75014, Paris, France

    F. Daigne

  11. National Astronomical Observatories/CAS, 20A Datun Road, 100012, Beijing, China

    J. Wei

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  1. M. G. Bernardini
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Appendix: Spectral models used in the analysis

Appendix: Spectral models used in the analysis

  • Power-law model (PL):

    $$ {\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{E})=\mathrm{K} \mathrm{E}^{-\alpha}} $$
    (1)

    K = normalization [ph cm−2 s−1 keV−1 at 1 keV], α = photon index.

  • Comptonised model (cutPL):

    $$ {\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{E})=\mathrm{K} \mathrm{E}^{-\alpha} \mathrm{e}^{\left( -\frac{\mathrm{E}}{ \mathrm{E}_{\circ}}\right)}} $$
    (2)

    K = normalization [ph cm−2 s−1 keV−1 at 1 keV], α = photon index, E ∘ = e-folding energy [keV].

  • Band model (Band):

    $$\begin{array}{@{}rcl@{}} {\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{E})=\mathrm{K}} \left\{\begin{array}{ll} {\left( \frac{\mathrm{E}}{100~\text{keV}}\right)^{-\alpha} \mathrm{e}^{\left( -\frac{\mathrm{E}}{\mathrm{E}_{\circ}}\right)}} & {\mathrm{E}\leqslant \mathrm{E}_{\text{br}}} \\ {\left[\frac{\mathrm{E}_{\text{br}}}{100~\text{keV}}\right]^{(\beta-\alpha)} \left( \frac{\mathrm{E}}{100~\text{keV}}\right)^{-\beta} \mathrm{e}^{-(\beta-\alpha)}} & {\mathrm{E}> \mathrm{E}_{\text{br}}} \end{array}\right. \end{array} $$
    (3)

    K = normalization [ph cm−2 s−1 keV−1], α = low-energy photon index, β = high-energy photon index, E ∘ = e-folding energy [keV], Ebr = (β − α)E∘. The cutPL function is a subset of the Band function, obtained in the limit β →∞.

  • Black-body model (BB):

    $$ {\mathrm{N}(\mathrm{E})= \mathrm{K} \frac{\mathrm{E}^{2}}{(\text{kT})^{4} \left[{\exp}(\mathrm{E}/(\text{kT}))-1\right]}} $$
    (4)

    K = normalization [ph keV cm−2 s−1], kT = temperature [keV].

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Bernardini, M.G., Xie, F., Sizun, P. et al. Scientific prospects for spectroscopy of the gamma-ray burst prompt emission with SVOM. Exp Astron 44, 113–127 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-017-9551-4

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