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Heterosis and combining ability for yield and quality traits in monoecious, gynoecious and parthenocarpic parental lines of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under tropical condition

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Abstract

The present study was conducted to find out high yield and good quality cucumber hybrids which can further be released for cultivation in the tropics under open filed conditions. Therefore, five lines (2 gynoecious, 1 each predominantly gynoecious, parthenocarpic gynoecious and predominantly gynoecious and parthenocarpic) and 11 testers (monoecious) were crossed in a line × tester mating design to develop 55 F1 hybrids at Vegetable Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. All the 71 genotypes were evaluated during spring–summer 2021 under open field conditions for 11 quantitative traits. Gene action study revealed the predominant role of non-additive genetic variance for all traits except for fruit length. On the basis of GCA (general combining ability) effect, lines PK-1, PBRK-11 and 25–46 VNR and testers Punjab Naveen, Pusa Uday and PMC-1were found to be best for fruit yield, quality and earliness which can be utilized as donor parents in future breeding. The maximum heterobeltiosis was recorded for fruit yield followed by fruit number per plant, fruit weight, fruit length and fruit diameter. The significant and positive correlation between GCA and mean of parental lines was observed for fruit yield, fruit number per plant, fruit length, and days to first fruit picking. Exploitation of the top performing hybrids ‘PK-1 × AVCU-1205, PK-1 × Swarna Ageti, PK-1 × PMC-1 and PBRK11 × Punjab Naveen’, after critical evaluation, could be recommended for commercial cucumber open field production in the tropics. Promising hybrids could also be exploited in segregating generations to identify pure lines having high yield with good fruit quality.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India; the World Vegetable Center, Taiwan; the Horticulture and Agro-Forestry Research Programme, Ranchi, India and the University of Wisconsin, USA, for providing the seeds of various cucumber lines which were used in the present study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Vegetable Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, India

    Priyanka Kumari, Rajinder Kumar Dhall, Ritika Lun & Prakash Singathiya

  2. Regional Research Station, Punjab Agricultural University, Bathinda, 151 001, India

    Naveen Garg

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  1. Priyanka Kumari
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  2. Rajinder Kumar Dhall
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  3. Naveen Garg
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  4. Ritika Lun
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  5. Prakash Singathiya
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Contributions

PK conducted majority of the experiments and recorded the data in the field. RKD framed the research problem, provided plant material and other research facilities and guided PK in conducting the research work and prepared this manuscript. P and R helped PK in recording the field and laboratory data. NG edited the manuscript and helped PK in statistical analysis.

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Correspondence to Rajinder Kumar Dhall.

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Kumari, P., Dhall, R.K., Garg, N. et al. Heterosis and combining ability for yield and quality traits in monoecious, gynoecious and parthenocarpic parental lines of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under tropical condition. Euphytica 220, 87 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-024-03349-8

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