Abstract
Sheath blight disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a severe limitation of lowland rice productivity in Thailand. Typically, confound symptoms occurring with other sheath diseases caused by Rhizoctonia and Sclerotium. To classify these pathogen species, 33 Rhizoctonia isolates were collected from lowland fields in central and northeast Thailand and identified by using morphological and molecular tools described herein. The isolates were identified as R. solani AG-1 IA, R. solani, R. oryzae-sativae (aggregate sheath spot), and S. hydrophilum (stem rot). This is the first report of S. hydrophilum associated with complex rice sheath blight diseases in Thailand. According to the pathogenicity test of the KDML105 and Pathum Thani 1 varieties, R. solani AG-1 IA isolates were found to be the most virulent strain. Each isolate revealed diverts in morphology and disease severity on rice. The H-06 (from Udon Thani) and K-12 (from Buri Ram) isolates showed the highest AUDPC (1448.24–1681.24 and 1301.84–1383.72, respectively) on tested varieties. One hundred and ninety indigenous lowland rice varieties, along with seven commercial varieties, were screened with both aggressive isolates under greenhouse conditions. Interestingly, 30 varieties appeared resistant (< 20% RLH) to tested isolates. Based on result from our study, therefore, that these varieties may provide a source of sheath blight resistance in Thailand, and prove beneficial for future rice breeding programs.
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Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the Research Fund for Supporting Lecturer to Admit High Potential Student to Study and Research on His Expert Program Year 2019, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University. The authors would like to thank the Plant Breeding Research Center for Sustainable Agriculture, Khon Kaen University for providing plant materials and research facilities.
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Data collection: JJ; Formal analysis: JJ and SC; Methodology: JJ, SS, TM and SC; Resources: SC and JS; Software: JJ, SS, and SC; Supervision: SS, SC., TM, and JS; Validation: JJ, SS, AS, RP, SC, TM and JS; Preparation of original draft: JJ and SC; Writing, review, and editing: SW, AS, RP, TM, SC, and JS.
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Joomdok, J., Saepaisan, S., Sunpapao, A. et al. Identification of Rhizoctonia solani, as the cause of rice sheath blight and the source of its resistance, from Thai indigenous lowland rice germplasm. Euphytica 218, 6 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-021-02958-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-021-02958-x