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Genotype-by-environment interaction and stability of resistance in mungbean landraces against common bacterial blight across semi-arid environments

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Abstract

Common bacterial blight (CBB) of mungbean (Vigna radiata [L.] Wilczek var. radiata) is a major limitation to mungbean production in semi-arid areas of the world where mungbean is a major crop. Deployment of resistant varieties is a significant sustainable strategy for controlling CBB in marginal production systems. The objective of this study was to identify sources of resistance and the stability of mungbean landraces to CBB attack across drought-endemic environments. A total of 240 mungbean genotypes were evaluated for CBB resistance and performance of agronomic traits in an alpha lattice design at four locations for 2 years (2019, 2020). Data were subjected to residual maximum likelihood (REML) analysis to partition variance components attributed to main effects and interactions, respectively. REML analysis revealed significant main effects for genotype, environment (combination of cropping season and location) and genotype-by-environment interaction (p < 0.01), demonstrating the influence of environment on genotypic expression. A genotype main effect plus genotype-by-environment biplot was used to analyse the multi-location trial data based on CBB score to determine genotypic stability. The GGE analysis demonstrated that the Kambi Ya Mawe location in 2019 was the most suitable environment for the assessment of CBB resistance. Accessions GBK 004852, GBK 004789, GBK 026986, GBK 004970, GBK 004961, GBK 004882 and GBK 043573 were selected as having high and stable resistance across all environments. The identification of high and stable resistance sources is a first step towards deploying resistance in mungbean breeding programmes against CBB and the future deployment of resistant cultivars.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Agriculture and Agribusiness Management (CESAAM) project, Egerton University for providing funds for the study. Funding support was also provided by the Agricultural Finance Kenya Climate Smart Agricultural Productivity Project (AgriFi Kenya CS APP), Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO). We acknowledge Egerton University’s institutional support. KALRO Katumani and Perkerra research centres provided fields for the experiments. We gratefully acknowledge KALRO Genetic Resources Research Institute (GeRRI) for providing the germplasm.

Funding

Funds for the study were provided by Centre of Excellence in Sustainable Agriculture and Agribusiness Management (CESAAM) project, Egerton University. This is a World Bank funding support for the training Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy students in Agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa. Extra funding support was provided by Agricultural Finance Kenya Climate Smart Agricultural Productivity Project (AgriFi Kenya CS APP) at the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO). The project is funded by the European Union and the Government of Kenya, as a food security initiative towards enhanced production of resilient crops for semi-arid regions of Kenya.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crops, Horticulture and Soils (CHS), Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, 20115, Egerton, Kenya

    Joyce Awino Tollo, Pascal P. Okwiri Ojwang & Joseph Juma Mafurah

  2. Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute (AMRI), Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization (KALRO), Katumani, P.O. Box 340, Machakos, 90100, Kenya

    Rael Karimi & Henry Sila Nzioki

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  1. Joyce Awino Tollo
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Contributions

JAT, PPOO, RK and JJM designed the experiment. JAT and PPOO analysed the data. JAT, PPOO, RK, HSN grew the plants and performed the phenotyping for agronomic and disease resistance. JAT wrote the draft manuscript, PPOO revised the draft manuscript. All authors made contributions towards compilation of the draft and proofreading and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Pascal P. Okwiri Ojwang.

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Tollo, J.A., Ojwang, P.P.O., Karimi, R. et al. Genotype-by-environment interaction and stability of resistance in mungbean landraces against common bacterial blight across semi-arid environments. Euphytica 216, 175 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02705-8

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