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Morph-physiological responses of cotton interspecific chromosome substitution lines to low temperature and drought stresses

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Abstract

Limited knowledge about genetic and physiological traits associated with drought and low temperature stresses and narrow genetic diversity in Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) are serious impediments in its genetic improvement. The objectives of this research were to determine the genetic and physiological traits associated with drought and low temperature effects and to identify chromosomal effects on these traits using chromosome substitution (CS) lines from three alien species of Gossypium, G. barbadense, G. tomentosum, and G. mustelinum, respectively. Two experiments were conducted to study low temperature and drought stress effects during seedling emergence and early growth stages in 21 cotton CS-lines with parent, Texas Marker (TM)-1. In Experiment I, plants were grown at optimum (30/22 °C) and low (22/14 °C) temperature conditions under optimum water and nutrient conditions. In Experiment II, plants were grown at optimum water (soil moisture content of 0.167 m3 m−3) and in drought (soil moisture content 0.105 m3 m−3) conditions under optimum temperature conditions. Above- and below-ground growth traits including several root traits of the CS lines were assessed at 25 days after sowing. The findings suggest which substituted chromosome or chromosome segment from the alien species likely harbors one or more genes for higher and lower tolerance to low temperature, respectively. CS-T04 and CSB08sh showed higher and lower tolerance to low temperature, respectively and CS-T04 and CS-B22sh showed higher and lower tolerance, respectively, to drought. CS lines are valuable analytical tool and useful genetic resources for targeted exploitation of beneficial genes for drought and low temperature stresses in Upland cotton.

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Abbreviations

CS:

Chromosome substitution

DAS:

Days after sowing

SPAR:

Soil–Plant–Atmosphere-Research

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Acknowledgements

This work is partially supported by the USDA NIFA projects (2014-34263-22038, G-89701-1 and 2015-34263-24070, G-14901-1), Texas A&M Agrilife Research, and the Cotton Incorporated, Inc., USA. We would like to thank fellow graduate students for their help in taking measurements and processing samples in the lab. This study is a contribution of the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station.

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  1. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA

    Akanksha Awasthi & K. Raja Reddy

  2. USDA-ARS, Mississippi State, MS, USA

    Sukumar Saha & Johnie N. Jenkins

  3. Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

    David M. Stelly

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  1. Akanksha Awasthi
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Correspondence to K. Raja Reddy.

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Awasthi, A., Reddy, K.R., Saha, S. et al. Morph-physiological responses of cotton interspecific chromosome substitution lines to low temperature and drought stresses. Euphytica 214, 218 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2300-6

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