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Stability of Solanum aethiopicum Shum accessions under varied water deficit stress levels and identification of pertinent breeding traits for resistance to water shortage

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Abstract

Drought is a major constraint to productivity of Solanum aethiopicum ‘Shum’ group due to loss in market and nutrient value of stressed plants. This study evaluated S. aethiopicum Shum group accessions to identify genotypes (G) that excel across moisture deficit stress levels (WLs). A split-plot arrangement composed of four WLs and twenty accessions of S. aethiopicum as main plot and sub-plot factors, respectively, was implemented in a screenhouse, and repeated for two experiments. In each experiment, there was a highly significant effect of at least two WLs on mean performance among at least two accessions for most of the traits at p < 0.05. Further, very highly significant WL × G interactions were obtained for leaf relative water content (LRWC), leaves per plant (LPP) and plant height (PH), and non-significant for leaf blade length and leaf blade width. The order of priority as breeding traits for stability superiority across WLs was suggested as LRWC > PH > LPP. Consequently, based on LRWC, the most superiorly stable accessions were identified as accession 160 followed by accessions 145, 137, 108P and 184G while the least stable ones were identified as accessions 163G, 141, 163 and 108. The broad sense heritability (H 2) for each of the three recommended traits for drought resistance breeding was above 0.9 thus supportive for a good response to selection. Drought stress negatively affected the performance of S. aethiopicum Shum group but the exhibited variation allowed for selection of superiorly stable genotypes.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Intra-ACP mobility project/Makerere University, and the German Academic Exchange Programme/West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement (DAAD/WACCI, Grant number 91585869). The germplasm and drought screening equipment support were provided by the Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Uganda Christian University; through a project ‘Enhancing nutrition security and incomes through adding value to indigenous vegetables in East and Central Uganda’ (FARA/PAEPARD-CRFII).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. West Africa Centre for Crop Improvement, University of Ghana, PMB LG30, Accra, Ghana

    Godfrey Sseremba, Pangirayi Tongoona, John Savior Yaw Eleblu & Eric Yirenkyi Danquah

  2. National Crops Resources Research Institute, P.O. Box 7084, Kampala, Uganda

    Tadeo Kaweesi

  3. National Agricultural Research Organization, P.O. Box 295, Entebbe, Uganda

    Yona Baguma

  4. Department of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Uganda Christian University, P.O. Box 4, Mukono, Uganda

    Godfrey Sseremba, Michael Masanza & Elizabeth Balyejusa Kizito

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  1. Godfrey Sseremba
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Correspondence to Godfrey Sseremba, Pangirayi Tongoona or Elizabeth Balyejusa Kizito.

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Sseremba, G., Tongoona, P., Eleblu, J.S.Y. et al. Stability of Solanum aethiopicum Shum accessions under varied water deficit stress levels and identification of pertinent breeding traits for resistance to water shortage. Euphytica 214, 11 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-017-2097-8

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