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Resistance to the South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta in high acylsugar and/or high zingiberene tomato genotypes

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Abstract

Zingiberene (ZGB) and acylsugars (AS) are allelochemicals responsible for high levels of arthropod resistance found in Solanum habrochaites (= Lycopersicon hirsutum) var. hirsutum ‘PI 127826’ and S. (= L.) pennelli ‘LA 716’, respectively. These accessions were used to develop commercial lines with good levels of pest resistance. The objective of the present work was to assess the ZGB and AS contents and the levels of resistance to Tuta absoluta in tomato hybrids between high ZGB × high AS lines, as compared with their parental lines and with commercial checks. High AS homozygous lines [TOM-688 and TOM-689, both originated from the interspecific cross S. lycopersicum (= L. esculentum) × S. pennelli], high ZGB homozygous lines (ZGB-703 and ZGB-704, both derived from the interspecific cross S. lycopersicum × S. habrochaites var. hirsutum), double heterozygotes for both ZGB and AS, single heterozygotes for ZGB, and single heterozygotes for AS were assessed for AS and ZGB contents. Low-ZGB low-AS checks ‘Débora Max’ and ‘TOM-684’ were used, as well as checks with high ZGB (PI 127826) and high AS (LA 716). The genotypes were submitted to infestation with South American tomato pinworm adults in a screenhouse, and oviposition counts were taken 10 days after the initial infestation date. Plants were scored for overall plant damage and percent leaflets attacked up to the 38th day after infestation. Genotypes heterozygous for ZGB or AS showed allelochemical contents intermediate to those of their high and low content parents, indicating incompletely dominant gene action for contents of each of the allelochemicals. There were no significant differences in T. absoluta oviposition between high-AS homozygous genotypes, high-ZGB homozygotes, single heterozygotes for AS, single heterozygotes for ZGB and double heterozygotes for ZGB and AS, but all these genotypes showed egg counts significantly lower than the low-ZGB low-AS checks. Feeding damage of T. absoluta was higher in the low-ZGB low-AS checks than in any other ZGB-rich or AS-rich tomato genotype. Relative to ZGB or AS single heterozygotes, the heterozygotes for both ZGB and AS showed higher levels of resistance to the insect, as measured by overall plant damage, indicating a synergic effect of the allelochemicals on resistance.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the following Brazilian institutions that provided support for this research project: CNPq-Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico. FINEP/MCT—Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia/FNDCT, FAPEMIG—Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais, CAPES/MEC—Brazilian Ministry of Education, UFLA—Universidade Federal de Lavras, HortiAgro Sementes Ltda., FUNDECC—Fundação para o Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, FAEPE—Fundação de Apoio ao Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Agricultura (DAG), Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), P.O. Box 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil

    Wilson Roberto Maluf, Vanisse de Fátima Silva, Luiz Antonio Augusto Gomes, Álvaro Carlos Gonçalves Neto, Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel & Daniela Aparecida Castro Nízio

  2. Department of Chemistry, UFLA, Lavras, MG, Brazil

    Maria das Graças Cardoso

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  1. Wilson Roberto Maluf
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  2. Vanisse de Fátima Silva
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  3. Maria das Graças Cardoso
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  4. Luiz Antonio Augusto Gomes
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  5. Álvaro Carlos Gonçalves Neto
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  6. Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel
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  7. Daniela Aparecida Castro Nízio
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Correspondence to Wilson Roberto Maluf.

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Maluf, W.R., de Fátima Silva, V., das Graças Cardoso, M. et al. Resistance to the South American tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta in high acylsugar and/or high zingiberene tomato genotypes. Euphytica 176, 113–123 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-010-0234-8

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