Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Identification of QTL underlying the filling rate of protein at different developmental stages of soybean seed

  • Published:
Euphytica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Seed protein content at the harvest stage is the sum of protein accumulation during seed filling. The aim of our investigation was to identify loci underlying the filling rate of seed protein at different developmental stages. To this end, we used 143 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross of soybean cultivars ‘Charleston’ and ‘Dongnong 594’ and composite interval mapping with a mixed genetic model. The genotype × environment interactions of the quantitative trait loci (QTL) were also evaluated. Thirty-nine unconditional QTL underlying the filling rate of seed protein at five developmental stages were mapped onto 14 linkage groups. The proportion of phenotypic variation explained by these QTL ranged from 4.88 to 26.05%. Thirty-eight conditional QTL underlying the filling rate of seed protein were mapped onto 16 linkage groups. The proportion of phenotypic variation explained by these QTL ranged from 1.87 to 31.34%. The numbers and types of QTL and their genetic effects on the filling rate of seed protein were different at each developmental stage. A G × E interaction effect was observed for some QTL.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allen DK, Ohlrogge JB, Shachar-Hill Y (2008) The role of light in soybean seed filling metabolism. Plant J 58(2):220–234

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Atchley WR, Zhu J (1997) Developmental quantitative genetics, conditional epigenetic variability and growth in mice. Genetics 147:765–776

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Basten CJ, Weir BS, Zeng ZB (1996) QTL cartographer (computer program). Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC

    Google Scholar 

  • Boerma HR, Ashley DA (1988) Canopy photosynthesis and seed-fill duration in recently developed soybean cultivars and selected plant introductions. Crop Sci 28:137–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Borisjuk L, Rolletschek H, Radchuk R, Weschke W, Wobus U, Weber H (2004) Seed development and differentiation: a role for metabolic regulation. Plant Biol 6(4):375–386

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brummer EC, Graef GL, Orf J, Wilcox JR, Shoemaker RC (1997) Mapping QTL for seed protein content in eight soybean populations. Crop Sci 37:370–378

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Churchill GA, Doerge RW (1994) Empirical threshold values for quantitative trait mapping. Genetics 138:963–971

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Daynard TB, Tanner JW, Duncan WG (1971) Duration of the grain filling period and its relation to grain yield in corn, Zea mays L. Crop Sci 11:45–48

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doyle JJ, Doyle JL (1990) Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus 12:13–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunphy EJ, Hanway JJ, Green DE (1979) Soybean yields in relation to days between specific developmental stages. Agron J 71:917–920

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egli DB (2004) Water stress, photosynthesis, seed sucrose levels and seed growth in soybean. J Agric Sci 142(1):1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egli DB, Legget JE, Wood JM (1978) Influence of soybean seed size and position on the rate and duration of filling. Agron J 70:127–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egli DB, Orf JH, Pfeiffer TW (1984) Genotypic variation for duration of seed fill in soybean. Crop Sci 24:587–592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Egli DB, Ramseur EL, Yu ZW, Sullivan CH (1989) Source-sink alterations affect the number of cells in soybean cotyledons. Crop Sci 29:732–735

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fehr WR, Caviness CE (1977) Stages of soybean development. Special Report 80. Iowa Agric. Home Econ Exp Stn Iowa State Univ Ames 11:929–931

  • Gallardo K, Thompson R, Burstin J (2008) Reserve accumulation in legume seeds. C R Biol 331:755–762

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gay S, Egli DB, Reicosky DA (1980) Physiological aspects of yield improvement in soybeans. Agron J 72:387–391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gebeyehou G, Knott DR, Baker RJ (1982) Rate and duration of grain filling in durum wheat cultivars. Crop Sci 22:337–340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Han Y, Teng W, Sun D, Du Y, Qiu L, Xu X, Li W (2008) Impact of epistasis and QTL x environment interaction on the accumulation of seed mass of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Genet Res 90(6):481–491

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hill JE, Breidenbach RW (1974) Proteins of soybean seeds. II. Accumulation of the major protein components during seed development and maturation. Plant Physiol 53:742–746

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hyten DL, Pantalone VR, Sams CE, Saxton AM, Landau-Ellis D, Stefaniak TR, Schmidt ME (2004) Seed quality QTL in a prominent soybean population. Theor Appl Genet 109:552–561

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Iqbal MJ, Yaegashi S, Njiti VN, Ahsan R, Cryder KL, Lightfoot DA (2002a) Resistance locus pyramids alter transcript abundance in soybean roots inoculated with Fusarium solani f.sp. glycines. Mol Genet Genomics 268:407–417

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Iqbal MJ, Afzal J, Yaegashi S, Ruben E, Triwitayakorn K, Njiti VN, Ahsan R, Wood AJ, Lightfoot DA (2002b) A pyramid of loci for partial resistance to Fusarium solani f. sp. glycines maintains myo-inositol-1-phoshate synthase expression in soybean roots. Theor Appl Genet 105:1115–1123

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones DB, Peterson ML, Geng S (1979) Association between grain filling rate and duration and yield components in rice. Crop Sci 19:641–644

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kato T (1999) Genetic and environmental variations and associations of the characters related to the grain-filling process in rice. Plant Prod Sci 2:32–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kirigwi FM, Ginkel MV, Guedira GB, Gill BS, Paulsen GM, Fritz AK (2007) Markers associated with a QTL for grain yield in wheat under drought. Mol Breed 20:401–413

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Koutroubas SD, Papakostab DK (2010) Seed filling patterns of safflower: genotypic and seasonal variations and association with other agronomic traits. Indust Crops Prod 31:71–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li SB, Zhang ZH, Hu Y, Li CY, Jiang X, Mao T, Li YS, Zhu YG (2006) Genetic dissection of developmental behavior of crop growth rate and its relationships with yield and yield related traits in rice. Plant Sci 170(5):911–917

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li YL, Niu SZ, Dong YB, Cui DQ, Wang YZ, Liu YY, Wei MG (2007) Identification of trait-improving quantitative trait loci for grain yield components from a dent corn inbred line in an advanced backcross BC2F2 population and comparison with its F2:3 population in popcorn. Theor Appl Genet 115(1):129–140

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lu HJ, Bernardo R, Ohm HW (2003) Mapping QTL for popping expansion volume in popcorn with simple sequence repeat markers. Theor Appl Genet 106(3):423–427

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mansur LM, Lark KG, Kross H, Oliveira A (1993) Interval mapping of quantitative trait loci for reproductive, morphological, and seed traits of soybean (Glycine max L.). Theor Appl Genet 86:907–913

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morandi EN (1990) Photoperiodically induced changes in seed growth rate of soybean as related to endogenous concentrations of ABA and sucrose in seed tissues. Ann Bot 66:605–611

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munier-Jolain NG, Ney B (1998) Seed growth rate in grain legumes II. Seed growth rate depends on cotyledon cell number. J Exp Bot 49:1971–1978

    Google Scholar 

  • Nelson RL (1986) Defining the seed-filling period in soybeans to predict yield. Crop Sci 26:132–135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Orf JH, Chase K, Jarvik T, Mansur LM, Cregan PB, Adler FR, Lark KG (1999) Genetics of soybean agronomic traits: I. Comparison of three related recombinant inbred populations. Crop Sci 39:1642–1651

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paterson AH, Damon S, Hewitt JD, Zamir D, Rabinowitch HD, Lincoln SE, Lander ES, Tanksley SD (1991) Mendelian factors underlying quantitative traits in tomato: comparison across species, generations, and environments. Genetics 127:181–197

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poneleit CG, Egli DB (1979) Kernel growth rate and duration in maize as affected by plant density and genotype. Crop Sci 19:385–388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price AH, Tomos AD (1997) Genetic dissection of root growth in rice (Oryza sativa L.). II. Mapping quantitative trait loci using molecular markers. Theor Appl Genet 95:143–152

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rubel A, Rinne RW, Canvin DT (1972) Protein, oil, and fatty acid in developing soybean seeds. Crop Sci 12:739–741

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schussler JR (1984) Abscisic acid and its relationship to seed filling in soybeans. Plant Physiol 76(2):301–306

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sebolt AM, Shoemaker RC, Diers BW (2000) Analysis of a quantitative trait locus allele from wild soybean that increases seed protein concentration in soybean. Crop Sci 40:1438–1444

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith JR, Nelson RL (1986) Selection for seed-filling period in soybean. Crop Sci 26:466–469

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Song QJ, Marek LF, Shoemaker RC, Lark KG, Concibido VC, Delannay X, Specht JE, Cregan PB (2004) A new integrated genetic linkage map of the soybean. Theor Appl Genet 109(1):122–128

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Specht JE, Chase K, Macrander M, Graef GL, Chung J, arkwell JP et al (2001) Soybean response to water: a QTL analysis of drought tolerance. Crop Sci 41:493–509

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sun D, Li W, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Ning H, Qiu L, Sun G (2006) Quantitative trait loci analysis for the developmental behavior of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Theor Appl Genet 112:665–673

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Talbert LE, Lanning SP, Murphy RL, Martin JM (2001) Grain fill duration in twelve hard red spring wheat crosses: genetic variation and association with other agronomic traits. Crop Sci 41:1390–1395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Teng W, Han Y, Du Y, Sun D, Zhang Z, Qiu L, Sun G, Li W (2009) QTL analyses of seed weight during the development of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Heredity 102(4):372–380

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thorne JH (1981) Morphology and ultrastructure of maternal seed tissues of soybean in relation to the import of photosynthesis. Plant Physiol 67:1016–1025

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thorne JC, Fehr RB (1970) In corporation of high protein exotic germplasm into soybean populations by 2 and 3 way crosses. Crop Sci 10(6):652–655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trigizano RN, Caetano-Anolles G (1998) Laboratory exercises on DNA amplification fingerprinting for evaluating the molecular diversity of horticultural species. Hort Technol 8:413–423

    Google Scholar 

  • Verdier J, Thompson RD (2008) Transcriptional regulation of storage protein synthesis during dicot seed filling. Plant and Cell Physiol 49(9):1263–1271

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vollmann J, Schausberger H, Bistrich H, Lelley T (2002) The presence or absence of the soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor as a quantitative trait locus for seed protein content. Plant Breed 121:272–274

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang D, Graef GL, Procopiuk AM, Diers BW (2004) Identification of putative QTL that underlie yield in interspecific soybean backcross populations. Theor Appl Genet 108:458–467

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang RX, Hai L, Zhang XY, You GX, Yan CS, Xiao SH (2009) QTL mapping for grain filling rate and yield-related traits in RILs of the Chinese winter wheat population Heshangmai × Yu8679. Theor Appl Genet 118(2):313–325

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weber H, Borisjuk L, Wobus U (2005) Molecular physiology of legume seed development. Annu Rev Plant Biol 56:253–279

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wu WR, Li WM, Tang DZ, Lu HR, Worland AJ (1999) Time-related mapping of quantitative trait loci underlying tiller number in rice. Genetics 151:297–303

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu CG, Li XQ, Xue Y, Huang YW, Gao J, Xing YZ (2004) Comparison of quantitative trait loci controlling seedling characteristics at two seedling stages using rice recombinant inbred lines. Theor Appl Genet 109:640–647

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu YB (1997) Quantitative trait loci: separating, pyramiding, and cloning. Plant Breed Rev 15:85–139

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yan JQ, Zhu J, He CX, Benmoussa M, Wu P (1998) Quantitative trait loci analysis for the developmental behavior of tiller number in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Theor Appl Genet 97:267–274

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang W, Peng S, Dionisio-Sese ML, Laza RC, Visperas RM (2008) Grain filling duration, a crucial determinant of genotypic variation of grain yield in field-grown tropical irrigated rice. Field Crops Res 105:221–227

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng ZB (1993) Theoretical basis for separation of multiple linked gene effects in mapping quantitative trait loci. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90:10972–10976

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng ZB (1994) Precision mapping of quantitative trait loci. Genetics 136:1457–1468

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu J (1995) Analysis of conditional genetic effects and variance components in developmental genetics. Genetics 141:1633–1639

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu J, Weir BS (1996) Diallel analysis for sex-linked and maternal effects. Theor Appl Genet 92:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was conducted at the Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology of the Chinese Education Ministry and Soybean Development Centre of Agricultural Ministry, financially supported by the National High Technology Project (2006AA10Z1F1 and 2006AA100104-4), 948 project of the Agricultural Ministry of China (2006-G5), the National Nature Science Foundation projects (30671318, 30971810, 60932008), and the National 973 Project (2009CB118400).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China

    Zhenfeng Jiang & Yuhua Li

  2. Soybean Research Institute (Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry), Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China

    Zhenfeng Jiang, Yingpeng Han, Weili Teng, Zhongchen Zhang, Desheng Sun & Wenbin Li

Authors
  1. Zhenfeng Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Yingpeng Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Weili Teng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Zhongchen Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Desheng Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yuhua Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Wenbin Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wenbin Li.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jiang, Z., Han, Y., Teng, W. et al. Identification of QTL underlying the filling rate of protein at different developmental stages of soybean seed. Euphytica 175, 227–236 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-010-0172-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-010-0172-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation