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Comparison of selection methods on ‘Pigarro’, a Portuguese improved maize population with fasciation expression

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Abstract

In 1984, Pêgo started, with the CIMMYT support, an on-farm participatory maize breeding (PMB) project at the Portuguese Sousa Valley region (VASO). VASO was intended to answer the needs of small farmers (e.g., yield, bread making quality, ability for polycropping systems). During 20 years of PMB at VASO, mass (MS) and S2 recurrent selection (S2RS) were applied on the maize landrace ‘Pigarro’. Morphological (e.g., ear length and fasciation level) and yield evaluations were conducted in Portugal (2–3 locations in 2 years) and in USA (4 locations in one year) using samples from original population, six MS cycles and three S2RS cycles. North American Populations (BS21, BS22, TEPR-EC6) were also included as checks. ANOVA comparisons and regression analyses on the rate of direct response to selection were performed. Response to MS for Iowa showed significant decrease in stalk lodging, while in Portugal ear length significantly decreased, whereas ear diameter, kernel-row number, and fasciation level significantly increased. Selection also significantly increased days-to-silk and anthesis in Portugal. Response to S2RS in Portugal significantly increased days-to-silk, uniformity, and cob/ear weight ratio. These results showed that the methods used by farmer and breeder were not effective for significant yield increase, but the ear size increased significantly for MS and showed a positive tendency for S2RS. Adaptation to farmer needs was maintained for the last cycles of selection.

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Abbreviations

NUMI:

Maize Breeding Station (Núcleo de Melhoramento de Milho)

OPV:

Open-pollinated variety

PMB:

Participatory maize breeding

VASO:

Sousa Valley, Portugal

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Acknowledgements

Particular acknowledgement to my students João Santos, J.P. Santos, Marisa Antunes, Liliana Morgado, Ralf Moura. To the farmer Mr Meireles, Eng Vaz Patto from ESAC, Eng Francisco Dias and Eng Mário Pardal from Escola Profissional Agrícola Afonso Duarte and Prof. Kendall Lamkey and team from Iowa University, for his kind support with trials and data collection in Iowa and to Mary Lents. To Daniela and Lucas. This research was supported by the following projects of Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal: POCI/AGR/57994/2004, PTDC/AGR-AAM/70845/2006; P. Mendes Moreira was supported by SFRH/BD/22188/2005 and M.C. Vaz Patto was supported by SFRH/BPD/34551/2007. The presentation of this work was sponsored by COST860.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Fitotecnia, Sector de Protecção Vegetal, Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra, 3040-316, Coimbra, Portugal

    Pedro M. R. Mendes Moreira

  2. Estação Agronómica Nacional (EAN), Instituto Nacional de Recursos Biológicos, Av. República, 2784-505, Oeiras, Portugal

    Silas E. Pêgo

  3. Plant Cell Biotechnology Laboratory, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Apt. 127, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal

    Carlota Vaz Patto

  4. Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, 1505 Agronomy Hall, Ames, IA, 50011-1010, USA

    Arnel R. Hallauer

Authors
  1. Pedro M. R. Mendes Moreira
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  2. Silas E. Pêgo
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  3. Carlota Vaz Patto
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  4. Arnel R. Hallauer
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Correspondence to Pedro M. R. Mendes Moreira.

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Moreira, P.M.R.M., Pêgo, S.E., Vaz Patto, C. et al. Comparison of selection methods on ‘Pigarro’, a Portuguese improved maize population with fasciation expression. Euphytica 163, 481–499 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-008-9683-8

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