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Contribution to the improvement of olive tree somatic embryogenesis by mineral and organic analysis of zygotic embryos

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Summary

In the last decade, little research has been done to introduce biotechnology methods for the propagation of this species, and especially through somatic embryogenesis. In fact, this technique has proved to be a very efficient tool for both multiplication and breeding.

For some refractory species, somatic embryogenesis was possible only after the determination of the composition of the zygotic embryos at different development stages. This may also be possible for the olive tree because of the recalcitrance of different types of olive tree tissues for embryogenesis. In this study, we aimed to determine the content of macro, microelements (Mg, K, P, Ca, N, Na, Mn and Fe) and some organic compounds (sucrose and proteins) during three stages of seeds development: just in the beginning of their growth (April), at their differentiation stage (July) and at their maturation stage (October) and this for two local cultivars Chemlali of Sfax and Meski.

Our results revealed that in the beginning of the embryo development of the two cultivars, all mineral elements are at their highest levels exceptionally for P and Na. Besides, the differentiation stage is characterised by a marked decrease notably in K, N, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe levels and an increase in Na element. The maturation stage shows also low levels of macro and micronutrients except P and Na whose levels were relatively higher.

On the other hand, the analysis of the protein levels of Chemlali and Meski showed that the maximum concentrations were obtained in July.

As for the sucrose contents, the highest levels were observed in the beginning for both Chemlali and Meski and showed a marked decrease at the maturation phase.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sciences, Biology Department, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia

    M. Maalej & N. Drira

  2. Olive Institute, BP:1087, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia

    A. Chaari-Rkhiss

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  1. M. Maalej
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  2. A. Chaari-Rkhiss
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  3. N. Drira
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Correspondence to M. Maalej.

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Maalej, M., Chaari-Rkhiss, A. & Drira, N. Contribution to the improvement of olive tree somatic embryogenesis by mineral and organic analysis of zygotic embryos. Euphytica 151, 31–37 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9110-y

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