Abstract
This article identifies five genres of anti-queer hate speech found in The Australian’s Facebook comments sections, exposing and analyzing the ways in which such comments are used to derogate cisgender and (often) heterosexual women. One may be tempted to think of cis-het women as third-party victims of queerphobia; however, this article argues that these genres of anti-queer speech are, in fact, misogynistic. Specifically, it argues that these are instances of cis-hetero-misogynistic hate speech. Cis-hetero-misogyny functions as the “law enforcement branch” of a cis-hetero-patriarchal gender order. Given the existence of such an order, it is clear that cis-het women’s liberation is inextricable from queer liberation (and vice versa). This article argues that to facilitate allyship and challenge this gender order—the order that elicits such hate speech acts—we need an epistemological revolution in the way we recognize and re-cognize human difference.
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Notes
- 1.
The term ‘cisgender’ refers to those whose gender identity is ‘on the same side’ as the designation of sex/gender at birth (Aultman, in Currah et. al. 2014, 61).
- 2.
This article adopts Richardson-Self’s (2018b) stance that all misogynistic speech is hate speech. Thus, derivatively, cis-hetero-misogynistic speech also constitutes hate speech. It also takes for granted that hate speech should be regulated.
- 3.
Note that I capitalize ‘Man’ and ‘Woman’ to signal the concept as figured under cis-hetero-patriarchy.
- 4.
Race likely plays a role in the missexing of Wong, Williams, and Obama. However, race is not a determining factor in such treatment, for the Liberal Senator for South Australia Lucy Gichuhi and Federal Greens Senator Mehreen Faruqi both faced racism and classic misogyny in this period, but not cis-hetero-misogynistic comments.
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Richardson-Self, L. Cis-Hetero-Misogyny Online. Ethic Theory Moral Prac 22, 573–587 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10677-019-10019-5
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Keywords
- Online Misogyny
- Hate Speech
- Heterosexism
- Cisgenderism
- Feminism