Abstract
Integrating renewable energy resources with conventional sources offers a viable option for supplying electricity to remote regions of India, addressing the challenge of inconsistent grid power availability. The study intends to assess the efficacy of solar PV array by estimating several performance metrics, demonstrating the potential for deploying solar PV technology at Krishnanagar located in the eastern part of India and designing a solar PV integrated power generation system (IPGS) by carrying out a comprehensive techno-economic analysis specific to the region. Under the climatic conditions of the aforementioned region, the solar PV system exhibits an annual average Performance-ratio (PR) of 77.50% and a Capacity-factor (CF) of 16.78%. The design and optimization of the IPGS are conducted employing the HOMER Pro application. The obtained result depicts that combining a 12.4 kW PV system, a 6.3 kW diesel generator (DG), a 19 kWh battery energy storage system (BESS) and a 4.83 kW bi-directional converter system (BCS) for a load of 30.39 kWh/d provides the best outcome in terms of least cost-of-energy (COE) and net-present-cost (NPC), while minimising carbon emissions and attaining the maximum renewable fraction (RF). The COE and NPC of the optimal IPGS design are obtained as 0.248 $/kWh and $35,627.85 respectively, with a RF of 96.66%. The carbon emissions obtained from the proposed system is only about 2.5% compared to the DG only configuration. Moreover, the NPC and COE get reduced by 76.4% when compared with DG-only systems. Finally, to further validate the suitability of the proposed system at the considered location, a unique multi-dimensional sensitivity analysis is carried out depicting the variation in COE by varying various parameters that influence power generation and economics.
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Data availability
The data are available from the corresponding author upon request.
Abbreviations
- YPV :
-
Solar PV rated capacity in kW
- fpv :
-
Solar PV derating factor in percentage
- PPV :
-
Solar PV output power
- αp :
-
Power temperature co-efficient in per ◦C
- Tcr :
-
Cell temperature of solar PV at standard test condition in ◦C
- Tc :
-
Cell temperature of solar PV in ◦C
- Gr :
-
Solar radiation incident at STC in kW/m2
- G:
-
Solar radiation incident in kW/m2
- \(\eta\) :
-
Efficiency of solar PV in percentage
- τ:
-
Transmittance of solar PV in percentage
- U:
-
Co-efficient of heat transfer to the surroundings in kW/m2/°C
- α:
-
Absorptance of PV array in percentage
- GNOCT :
-
Solar radiation at NOCT in kW/m2
- EAC :
-
Solar PV AC output in kWh
- EAC monthly :
-
Monthly solar AC output in kWh
- EDC :
-
Solar PV DC output in kWh
- EDC, monthly :
-
Monthly solar PV DC output in kWh
- Tc, NOCT :
-
Solar PV nominal operating cell temperature in °C
- Ta :
-
Ambient temperature in ◦C
- Ta, NOCT :
-
Ambient temperature under nominal operating cell temperature in °C
- µ:
-
Bi-directional converter efficiency in %
- Yarray :
-
Solar PV Array yield in h/d
- Yreference :
-
Solar PV Reference yield in h/d
- Yfinal :
-
Solar PV final yield expressed in h/d
- YSL :
-
System loss in h/d
- YCL :
-
Array capture loss in h/d
- PT :
-
Total power generated from whole system in kWh
- PR :
-
Renewable energy power in kWh
- N:
-
No. of observation
- Predicted:
-
Predicted value
- Obtained:
-
Obtained value
- Cyearly total :
-
System’s overall annualized cost in $/yr
- I:
-
Actual interest rate in percentage
- RProject :
-
Project life time in year
- EServed :
-
Annual electrical load served in kWh/yr
- Ht, daily :
-
Daily in-plane solar irradiance in kWh/m2
- CRF:
-
Capital recovery factor
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Pramanick, D., Kumar, J., Kumar, P. et al. Resource assessment and techno-economic analysis of solar pv integrated hybrid off-grid power generation system: a case study of Krishnanagar, India. Environ Dev Sustain (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05140-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-05140-0