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Assessing flood susceptibility with ALOS PALSAR and LiDAR digital terrain models using the height above nearest drainage (HAND) model

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Abstract

Addressing the escalating issue of flood susceptibility, exacerbated by climate change and urban expansion, this study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the Height Above the Nearest Drainage (HAND) model in Barreiros, Brazil—a locale recurrently affected by floods. Employing rigorous calibration techniques, the HAND model was fine-tuned using Digital Terrain Models (DTMs)—Light Detecting and Ranging (LiDAR) at 5 m and Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array Type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (ALOS PALSAR) at 12.5 m—and validated using historical flood data. Metrics such as error percentages, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC), Area Under the Curve (AUC), Specificity, Sensitivity, and Precision were employed for validation. Results reveal that the LiDAR-based DTM provided superior drainage delineation, resulting in enhanced flood simulation accuracy. An overall effectiveness of 74.5% was achieved, further validated by ROC/AUC analyses. The study also highlights the model's tendency to overestimate flood risks in plains and suggests caution in its application. These findings have critical implications for flood risk assessment, urban planning, and resource allocation.

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Funding

This study was also financed in part by the Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior-CAPES)—Finance Code 001 (Grant 88887.501702/2020-00) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil—CNPq (Grant No. 313358/2021-4, 309330/2021-1, and 420031/2021-9).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Exact Sciences and Nature, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil

    Maria Luisa Palitot Remígio Alves

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Padua, 35131, Rovigo, Italy

    Rafaella Gouveia Loureiro Oliveira & Carlos Adilson Alves Rocha

  3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil

    Hamilcar José Almeida Filgueira & Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos

  4. Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900, Brazil

    Richarde Marques da Silva

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  1. Maria Luisa Palitot Remígio Alves
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Contributions

MLPRA and HJAF designed the research; CAGS designed part of the methodology; MLPRA, RGLO, CAAR and HJAF wrote the original draft; MLPRA and CAGS performed the visualization; MLPRA, RGLO, CAAR, HJAF, RMS and CAGS performed the manuscript review and editing; and MLPRA, RGLO, CAAR, HJAF, RMS and CAGS wrote the final paper.

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Correspondence to Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos.

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Alves, M.L.P.R., Oliveira, R.G.L., Rocha, C.A.A. et al. Assessing flood susceptibility with ALOS PALSAR and LiDAR digital terrain models using the height above nearest drainage (HAND) model. Environ Dev Sustain (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-024-04785-1

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