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Do soil nutrient management practices improve climate resilience? Empirical evidence from rice farmers in central China

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Abstract

This study aimed to examine the relationship between the adoption of soil nutrient management practices and climate resilience. We hypothesized that adopting soil testing and formulated fertilization would positively impact farmers’ ability to absorb and recover from climate-related shocks and stresses. We employed three economic indicators as proxies for climate resilience: net agricultural income, rice yield, and rice productivity. Data came from a random sample of 753 rice farmers in Hubei, China. We undertook a two-step analysis approach. First, we estimated a Probit model to predict the discrete choice variable of adopting soil testing and formulated fertilization and then used ordinary least squares regression models to examine the effect of soil nutrient management and other control variables on climate resilience indicators. Second, we performed endogenous switching regression to address the potential selection bias in the choice of adopting soil nutrient practices. Our results showed that younger, those with higher levels of education and large-scale farmers were more likely to adopt the soil testing and formulated fertilization. Our study provided evidence that the adoption of soil testing and formulated fertilization significantly enhanced the climate resilience of rice producers in central China. The adoption of soil nutrient management technologies increased net agricultural income, rice yield, and productivity, with estimated causal effects of 5.63% (p < 0.01), 4.44% (p < 0.01), and 2.84% (p < 0.05), respectively. Our findings provide further insight into the role and importance of soil nutrient management in promoting climate resilience in China.

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Data availability

The data supporting this study’s findings are available from the corresponding author, Y.L, upon reasonable request.

Notes

  1. To respond to the detrimental effects of climate change and its ramifications, 196 nations around the globe acceded to the Paris Agreement in 2015–framework for global action to limit global warming and reach global peaking of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050 across different industries, including agriculture (UNFCCC, 2015).

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Funding

This work was supported by the University of Florida International Center (UFIC)’s Global Fellowship Award, the UFIC Collaborative Faculty Team Project, the Key Project of National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 20AZD091), and the China Scholarship Council (No. 201906760081).

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Author notes

  1. Yong Liu and Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences/Social Dimensions of Food & Agriculture Lab, University of Florida, G097 McCarty Hall B, P.O. Box 110310, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Yong Liu & Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar

  2. Department of Family, Youth, and Community Sciences/Social Dimensions of Food & Agriculture Lab, University of Florida, 3025C McCarty Hall D, P.O. Box 110310, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA

    Yong Liu & Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar

  3. College of Economics and Management, Huazhong Agricultural University, M523, Humanities and Social Sciences Building, 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Junbiao Zhang

  4. International Joint Laboratory on Climate Change Response and Sustainable Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar & Junbiao Zhang

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The first two authors, Yong Liu and Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar, contributed equally to this work. Yong Liu was involved in conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, software, writing—original draft, and writing—review and editing. Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar contributed to conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, and validation. Junbiao Zhang was involved in investigation and validation.

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Correspondence to Jorge Ruiz-Menjivar.

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Appendix

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Table 8 Key studies on the relationship between climate change adaptation and resilience
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Table 9 Descriptive statistics of agricultural inputs variable
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Table 10 Results of stochastic frontier model
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Table 11 ESR results of the impact of soil testing and formulated fertilizer on the synthetic index of climate resilience
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11.

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Liu, Y., Ruiz-Menjivar, J. & Zhang, J. Do soil nutrient management practices improve climate resilience? Empirical evidence from rice farmers in central China. Environ Dev Sustain 25, 10029–10054 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-022-02475-4

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