Abstract
An unmodified natural adsorbent, Xanthium Strumarium, was explored for its decoloration potential for treatment of textile effluents. Batch mode experimentation was carried out to optimize several process parameters with the well characterized adsorbent. For proper assessment of optimized pathway of adsorption, adsorption isotherms were implemented to the experimental data using nonlinear method. Apart from coefficients of determination, three error analysis methods standard error (S.E.), Chi-square (χ2) statistic and residual mean square error were additionally used to determine the best fitted isothermal model for the system. Freundlich model was creditably fitted to the adsorption data with minimum errors and high R 2 values. The adsorption capacity obtained was 14.7, 15.2 and 18.7 mg g−1 at 30, 40 and 50 °C, respectively. Overall adsorption process was endothermic with positive enthalpy and entropy values. Kinetic study revealed adsorption to be a two stage process initially controlled by film diffusion followed by pseudosecond order as the rate administering step during adsorption. About 95 % decoloration was achieved in 60 min. High decoloration tendency of the opted adsorbent proved that it is an effective and cheap adsorbent for treatment of coloured effluents providing a good alternative to activated carbon.
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Abbreviations
- XSSH:
-
Xanthium Strumarium seed hull
- DR81:
-
Direct red 81
- FDA:
-
The food and drug administration
- SEM:
-
Scanning electron microscopy
- EDS:
-
Energy dispersive spectroscopy
- FTIR:
-
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
- XRD:
-
X-ray diffraction
- ASTM:
-
American Society for Testing and Materials
- RMSE:
-
Root-mean-square error
- S.E.:
-
Standard error
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This work was supported by the Symbiosis International University, Pune, India, under Junior Research Fellowship Scheme.
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Khamparia, S., Jaspal, D.K. Evaluation of decoloration potential of Xanthium Strumarium seed hull for adsorption of Direct red 81 in aqueous solution. Environ Dev Sustain 19, 1933–1951 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-016-9836-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-016-9836-1