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A Multi-Criteria Analysis of Sustainability Effects of Increasing Concentrate Intensity in Swedish Milk Production 1989–1999

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Abstract

The concept of sustainable development is forcing standard economic analysis to acknowledge and address the existence of dimensions of performance, which are not reducible to monetary accounting. In particular, the implementation of this concept in practice requires: (a) the simultaneous handling of indicators developed in different disciplinary fields; and (b) an approach more related to the procedures adopted by consultants (Participatory Integrated Analysis), rather than theoretical academic analysis looking for ‘the’ optimal solution. The case study considered in this paper is a multi-criteria analysis of changes, which occurred in the Swedish milk production sector for the period 1989–1999. Multi-criteria impact matrices and multi-criteria representations are used to provide a transparent method of integrated analysis. Changes are characterized and quantified in a way that makes it possible to relate the impact of existing trends in relation to different sub-objectives (variation in performance in relation to social, economic and ecological indicators). The results of this analysis confirm a few well known predicaments of sustainability associated with agriculture. The growth of Sweden economy is driving a major increase in material throughputs within its agricultural sector. The need of increasing agricultural throughput (especially labour productivity) has moved the Swedish dairy sector in a clear situation of decreasing marginal return ( = large increases in inputs are not reflected in a proportional increase in output). Therefore, sound policies of development of this sector aimed at increasing the goal of sustainability have to be developed by considering several indicators of performance, and not only economic variables.

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Abbreviations

AAT:

Amino acids absorbed in the small intestine

DM:

Dry matter

ECM:

Energy corrected milk

GDP:

Gross domestic production

IA:

Integrated assessment

ME:

Metabolizable energy

MCIM:

Multi-criteria impact matrix

MCR:

Multi-criteria representation

RAM:

Result analysis milk-production

SEK:

Swedish crowns

TPES:

Total primary energy supply

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  1. Department of Ecology and Crop Production Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE - 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden

    Stefan Hellstrand

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Hellstrand, S. A Multi-Criteria Analysis of Sustainability Effects of Increasing Concentrate Intensity in Swedish Milk Production 1989–1999. Environ Dev Sustain 8, 351–373 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-005-6980-4

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