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Do Trade-Adjusted Emissions Perform Better in Capturing Environmental Mishandling among the Most Complex Economies of the World?

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Abstract

With the emergence of new environmental challenges, the direction of environmental research is changing exponentially. To implement anti-warming and pro-environmental interventions, it is vital that we adopt robust and reliable measures of environmental degradation. Any exception to this will breed inaccurate forecasts, generating loopholes in the policies. Thus, in a groundbreaking occurrence within the realm of literature, we juxtapose how trade-adjusted emissions (CCO2) and total emissions (CO2) respond as we set shock on environmental technology (EVT), economic complexity index (ECI), natural resource rent (NRT), research and development (R&D), and energy efficiency (EFX) from 2000 to 2020 across the OECD nations. We also control GDP and renewable energy consumption (RWE). The findings of the novel non-parametric method of moments quantile regression (MMQR) reveal that EVT has an insignificant positive impression on CCO2, whereas it has a heterogeneous impact on CO2 emissions. Moreover, ECI cuts trade-adjusted emissions, indicating that complex economies like OECD’s have better emissions reduction potentiality through export diversification. However, we unveil a paradoxical relationship in the ECI-CO2 nexus since total emissions do not account for trade-adjusted emissions. R&D surges CO2 and CCO2 emissions, where the latter is statistically insignificant. Furthermore, EFX increases total emissions, indicating a rebound effect among the OECD territories. We also note different causal relationships to rectify the results’ robustness. Our novel findings thus enrich the streaming literature by juxtaposing how different measures of environmental degradation respond over a series of empirical shocks and establishing that trade-adjusted emissions are better indicators of environmental degradation, exclusively in the context of complex economies.

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Data Availability

Data used in this study will be made available upon reasonable request.

Notes

  1. Please refer to the link, https://www.oecd.org/climate-change/data/.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Economics and Public Policy, Adelaide Business School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

    Mohammad Razib Hossain

  2. Department of Agricultural Finance and Cooperatives, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh

    Mohammad Razib Hossain

  3. School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, 342030, Rajasthan, India

    Devi Prasad Dash

  4. Advanced Research Centre, European University of Lefke, Northern Cyprus, Turkey

    Narasingha Das

  5. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA

    Md. Emran Hossain

  6. MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan

    Md. Emran Hossain

  7. Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan

    Md. Emran Hossain

  8. Department of Management Studies, Graphic Era Deemed to Be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India

    Mohammad Haseeb

  9. Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain

    Javier Cifuentes-Faura

Authors
  1. Mohammad Razib Hossain
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  2. Devi Prasad Dash
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  3. Narasingha Das
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  4. Md. Emran Hossain
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  5. Mohammad Haseeb
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  6. Javier Cifuentes-Faura
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Contributions

Mohammad Razib Hossain conceptualized and wrote the manuscript. Devi Prasad Dash wrote the introduction and literature review part. Narasingha Das performed data curation. formal analysis and conceptualize the study. Md. Emran Hossain wrote the methodology, wrote the paper and revised the manuscript. Mohammad Haseeb wrote the original manuscript and reviewed and edited the manuscript. Javier Cifuentes-Faura wrote the conclusion and policy part.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Md. Emran Hossain.

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Appendix. Country list

Appendix. Country list

Country name

Country name

Sweden

Netherlands

Denmark

United Kingdom

Germany

Spain

Czech Republic

Greece

Austria

Luxembourg

Finland

Ireland

Slovakia

Iceland

Switzerland

New Zealand

Lithuania

Australia

Hungary

Japan

Slovenia

South Korea

Portugal

Turkey

Estonia

Israel

Latvia

USA

Belgium

Canada

Poland

Mexico

France

Colombia

Italy

Costa Rica

Norway

Chile

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Hossain, M.R., Dash, D.P., Das, N. et al. Do Trade-Adjusted Emissions Perform Better in Capturing Environmental Mishandling among the Most Complex Economies of the World?. Environ Model Assess (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-024-09994-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10666-024-09994-6

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