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Distribution of 137Cs specific activity in river sediments of the Barents Sea basin (Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russian Arctic)

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Abstract

This article focuses on the study of the distribution of 137Cs in the bottom sediments of Arctic rivers of the Barents Sea basin (using the example of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russian Arctic). This research is relevant due to the poorly studied region and the significant number of radiation-hazardous facilities in the Arctic zone of Russia, both those currently in operation and those that are "nuclear heritage sites". The study of 137Cs specific activity in bottom sediments was carried out in the period from 2020 to 2023 in the rivers Chizha, Nes, Vizhas, Oma, Pechora (river delta), as well as the rivers Kolva and Usa (first and second order tributaries, respectively, of the Pechora River). A total of 199 samples were collected. In addition to 137Cs specific activity, the samples were analysed for sediment particle size distribution, organic matter content, carbonate content and ash content. The 137Cs specific activity mainly ranged from the minimum detectable specific activity to 5.4 ± 0.8 Bq·kg−1. In the Nes River basin (Kaninskaya tundra), the 137Cs content in bottom sediments reached 36.0 ± 3.2 Bq·kg−1 (in the case of lake sediments) and 22.9 ± 3.7 Bq·kg−1 (in the case of river sediments), values that are higher than those of the North-West of Russia. Considering the large area of the study area (Kaninskaya tundra, Pechora river delta, southern part of Bolshezemelskaya tundra) and the similarity of physical and chemical parameters of the studied rivers, it is possible to assume the existence of a zone of increased radionuclide content in the Nes river basin. This may be due to the runoff from the Nes River catchment area, its hydrological features, and the accumulation of 137Cs in the small fractions of bottom sediments. The results confirm the conclusions of previous soil studies in the Nes river basin. The main sources of elevated 137Cs content are global atmospheric deposition and the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident.

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Funding

The study of the physicochemical parameters of bottom sediments was funded by the scientific project of the Russian science foundation 20-77-10057. The study of 137Cs was funded by the scientific project of the Russian science foundation 22-27-20079.

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  1. N. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 109 Severnoj Dviny Emb., Arkhangelsk, 163000, Russia

    Andrey Puchkov, Evgeny Yakovlev, Anna Druzhinina & Sergey Druzhinin

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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceptualization, validation, and writing – original draft preparation were performed by Andrey Puchkov, Evgeny Yakovlev, Anna Druzhinina and Sergey Druzhinin. Methodology was performed by Andrey Puchkov and Evgeny Yakovlev. Formal analysis and investigation were performed by Andrey Puchkov, Evgeny Yakovlev, Anna Druzhinina and Sergey Druzhinin. Writing — review and editing were performed by Andrey Puchkov, Evgeny Yakovlev, Anna Druzhinina and Sergey Druzhinin. Funding acquisition was performed by Andrey Puchkov and Evgeny Yakovlev. Project administration and resources were performed by Andrey Puchkov and Evgeny Yakovlev. Supervision and visualisation were performed by Andrey Puchkov and Evgeny Yakovlev. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Puchkov, A., Yakovlev, E., Druzhinina, A. et al. Distribution of 137Cs specific activity in river sediments of the Barents Sea basin (Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russian Arctic). Environ Monit Assess 196, 709 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12851-4

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