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Multi-datasets to monitor and assess meteorological and hydrological droughts in a typical basin of the Brazilian semiarid region

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Abstract

This study analyzed the meteorological and hydrological droughts in a typical basin of the Brazilian semiarid region from 1994 to 2016. In recent decades, this region has faced prolonged and severe droughts, leading to marked reductions in agricultural productivity and significant challenges to food security and water availability. The datasets employed included a digital elevation model, land use and cover data, soil characteristics, climatic data (temperature, wind speed, solar radiation, humidity, and precipitation), runoff data, images from the MODIS/TERRA and AQUA sensors (MOD09A1 and MODY09A1 products), and soil water content. A variety of methods and products were used to study these droughts: the meteorological drought was analyzed using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) derived from observed precipitation data, while the hydrological drought was assessed using the Standardized Soil Index (SSI), the Nonparametric Multivariate Standardized Drought Index (NMSDI), and the Parametric Multivariate Standardized Drought Index (PMSDI). These indices were determined using water balance components, including streamflow and soil water content, from the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model, and evapotranspiration data from the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL). The findings indicate that the methodology effectively identified variations in water dynamics and drought periods in a headwater basin within Brazil's semiarid region, suggesting potential applicability in other semiarid areas. This study provides essential insights for water resource management and resilience building in the face of adverse climatic events, offering a valuable guide for decision-making processes.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This study was also financed in part by the Brazilian Federal Agency for the Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—CAPES) – Finance Code 001, the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil – CNPq (Grant No. 313358/2021–4, 309330/2021–1, and 420031/2021–9), and the Federal University of Paraíba (Public call No. 01/2021 Produtividade em Pesquisa PROPESQ/PRPG/UFPB proposal code: PVF14853-2021).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil

    Glauciene Justino Ferreira da Silva, Reginaldo Moura Brasil Neto, Ana Paula Xavier Dantas & Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos

  2. Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, 58051-900, Brazil

    Richarde Marques da Silva & Jorge Flávio Casé B. C. Silva

Authors
  1. Glauciene Justino Ferreira da Silva
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  2. Richarde Marques da Silva
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  3. Reginaldo Moura Brasil Neto
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  4. Jorge Flávio Casé B. C. Silva
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  5. Ana Paula Xavier Dantas
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  6. Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos
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Contributions

Glauciene Justino Ferreira da Silva: Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – Original draft preparation. Richarde Marques da Silva: Conceptualization, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – Reviewing and Editing. Jorge Flavio Casé B. C. Silva, Ana Paula Xavier Dantas: Data curation, Formal analysis. Reginaldo Moura Brasil Neto, Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos: Supervision, Writing – Reviewing and Editing.

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Correspondence to Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos.

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da Silva, G.J.F., Silva, R.M., Brasil Neto, R.M. et al. Multi-datasets to monitor and assess meteorological and hydrological droughts in a typical basin of the Brazilian semiarid region. Environ Monit Assess 196, 368 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12461-0

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