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Drought risk assessment on the eastern part of Indian peninsula—a study on Purulia district, West Bengal

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Abstract

This study focuses on measuring the spatial nature of drought risk which is conceived as the product of drought severity, drought vulnerability, and drought exposure in the Purulia district, located in the eastern part of the Indian peninsula. Drought severity is measured using the Standard Precipitation Index and drought vulnerability is calculated as the average condition of meteorological, hydrological, agricultural, and socio-economic drought. The drought types and drought exposure conditions are the outcome of multi-criteria analysis where the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process is used for assigning weights to the respective parameters and the Analytical Hierarchy Process is used for determining the class ranks. 31.46% of the total district area has registered moderate to high and high vulnerability to drought situations, while 16.57% of the entire district area has been found moderate to high and highly exposed to drought situations. Similarly, 39.39% of the district’s total area is under a significant drought risk. Blocks like Barabazar (75.49%), Jhalda-I (71.85%), and Purulia-II (52.66%) have the majority of their area under extreme drought risk conditions. The modeled outcome of drought vulnerability was found significant while being tested with phenomena highly correlated to drought events, land surface temperature, and aridity index. The computed spatial profile of the districts’ drought risk condition is of substantial help for the policymakers in preparing effective drought mitigation measures to restrict drought impacts reasonably.

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Data availability

The authors hereby confirm that no third party or previously published data has been used in this project. All the secondary sources of data being used have been properly mentioned within the manuscript. The authors have all the rights to make the data available upon request.

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Acknowledgements

The study did not receive any funds to acknowledge. However, we would acknowledge the data support provided by NASA, Geological Survey of India, United States Geological Survey, and Earth Explorer along with the free online platform of Google Earth Engine to apply different techniques for geospatial analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Symbiosis Institute of Geo-Informatics, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, 411016, India

    Upali Baral & Dharmaveer Singh

  2. Department of Geography, Vidyasagar College, Kolkata, 700006, India

    Ujwal Deep Saha & Uttam Mukhopadhyay

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  1. Upali Baral
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Contributions

Upali Baral was engaged in designing, data curation, and computation required for this research. Ujwal Deep Saha was responsible for the conception, supervision, preparing the write-up and theoretical formalism required for this research. While Uttam Mukhopadhyay and Dharmaveer Singh were responsible for supervision and theoretical formalism required for this research.

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Correspondence to Ujwal Deep Saha.

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Baral, U., Saha, U.D., Mukhopadhyay, U. et al. Drought risk assessment on the eastern part of Indian peninsula—a study on Purulia district, West Bengal. Environ Monit Assess 195, 1364 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11920-4

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