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Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R. Almedia habitat exhibited robust adaptability to diverse socioeconomic scenarios in eastern India

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Abstract

One of the greatest challenges to ecosystems is the rapidity of climate change, and their ability to adjust swiftly will be constrained. Climate change will disrupt the ecological balances, causing species to track suitable habitats for survival. Consequently, understanding the species’ response to climate change is crucial for its conservation and management, and for enhancing biodiversity through effective management. This research intends to examine the response of the vulnerable Buchanania cochinchinensis species to climate change. We modeled the potential suitable habitats of B. cochinchinensis for the present and future climatic scenario proxies based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP), i.e. SSP126, 245, 370 and 585. Maxent was used to simulate the potential habitats of B. cochinchinensis. The study found that ~28,313 km2 (~10.7% of the study area) was a potentially suitable habitat of B. cochinchinensis for the current scenario. The majority of the suitable habitat area ~25,169 km2 occurred in the central and southern parts of the study area. The future projection shows that the suitable habitat to largely increase in the range of 10.5–20% across all the SSPs, with a maximum gain of ~20% for SSP 126. The mean temperature of the wettest quarter (Bio_08) was the most influential contributing variable in limiting the distribution of B. cochinchinensis. The majority of the suitable habitat area occurred in the vegetation landscape. The study shows a southward shifting of B. cochinchinensis habitat by 2050. The phytosociological analysis determined B. cochinchinensis as Shorea robusta’s primary associate. Our research provides significant insight into the prospective distribution scenario of B. cochinchinensis habitat and its response to diverse socioeconomic scenarios, and offers a solid foundation for management of this extremely important species.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial assistance provided by CAMPA fund (Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change) under FGR (Forest Genetic Resources) [Sanction Order No.75/2019/ICFRE (R)/RP/SFRESPE (CAMPA)/FGR/Main File/ 55 dated:10/01/2020]. The authors sincerely acknowledge the Director, the Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi for providing institutional support. The authors also acknowledge the administrational assistance provided by the officials of the Jharkhand, Bihar, West Bengal State Forest Department during the field surveys. We acknowledge the resources and services provided by the WorldClim (https://www.worldclim.org/data/cmip6/cmip6climate.html), Diva GIS (https://www.diva-gis.org/) data site and the open-source MAXENT software.

Funding

Authors gratefully acknowledge the receipt of research grant from National Authority Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management, (CAMPA) through Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, New Delhi, Government of India, [Sanction Order No.75/2019/ICFRE (R)/RP/SFRESPE (CAMPA)/FGR/Main File/ 55 dated:10/01/2020] for the work reported herein.

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  1. ICFRE - Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835303, India

    Sanjoy Garai, Yogeshwar Mishra, Ayushman Malakar, Rikesh Kumar, Ronak Singh, Jassi Sharma & Sharad Tiwari

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All the authors of this manuscript have contributed towards its conceptualization, designing and implementation. Material preparation, field data collection and analysis were performed by Sanjoy Garai, Yogeshwar Mishra, Ayushman Malakar, Rikesh Kumar. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sanjoy Garai, Ayushman Malakar, Ronak Singh and Jassi Sharma. Sharad Tiwari supervised the entire manuscript writing and edited the document. All manuscripts are finally approved by all the authors.

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Highlights

• B. cochinchinensis habitat showed resilience to future climate change scenarios.

• B. cochinchinensis habitat shows a southward shift in the future (2050).

• B. cochinchinensis is found as an associate species of Dalbergia sissoo.

• B. cochinchinensis is a promising species in wasteland and dry land management.

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Garai, S., Mishra, Y., Malakar, A. et al. Buchanania cochinchinensis (Lour.) M.R. Almedia habitat exhibited robust adaptability to diverse socioeconomic scenarios in eastern India. Environ Monit Assess 195, 1005 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11611-0

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