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Damage on DNA and hematological parameters of two bat species due to heavy metal exposure in a nickel-mining area in central Brazil

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Abstract

Exposure to heavy metals in mining zones is a significant threat, which can affect ecosystem services and contribute to the decline of wild bat populations. The present study investigated the impacts caused by mining on two bat species in central Brazil, the nectarivorous Glossophaga soricina and the frugivorous Carollia perspicillata. The bats were collected from a nickel-mining zone (treatment) and a protected area (control). The leukocyte profile of each species was compiled and genotoxicity (comet assay) and mutagenicity (micronucleus test) were determined using the appropriate procedures. Glossophaga soricina presented significantly higher frequencies of eosinophils and monocytes in the mining zone in comparison with the protected area, whereas C. perspicillata presented higher frequencies of lymphocytes in the mining zone, but significantly lower frequencies of monocytes. Concomitantly, G. soricina also presented a higher frequency of DNA damage, although no variation was found in this parameter in C. perspicillata when comparing environments. We also found no significant differences between populations in terms of the frequency of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities. Overall, the results of the study indicate that bats are susceptible to immunological disorders and DNA damage in mining zones, with the nectarivorous G. soricina appearing to be relatively more susceptible and thus a potentially effective bioindicator of the impact of contamination in these environments.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Coordination for Higher Education Personnel Training (CAPES). M.B.S. thanks the Brazilian Fund for Biodiversity (FUNBIO) and the Humaniza Institute for their support, and D.M.S. thanks the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for a scholarship.

Funding

This study was funded by Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa (FUNAPE), PROEX/CAPES/927–2022.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mutagenesis Laboratory, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, S/N, Campus Samambaia, 74.690-900, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Daiany Folador Sotero, Alice Tâmara de Carvalho Lopes, Renata Maria Pereira de Freitas & Daniela de Melo e Silva

  2. Postgraduate Program in Natural Resources of the Cerrado at the State University of Goiás, Anápolis, Brazil

    Marcelino Benvindo-Souza

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  1. Daiany Folador Sotero
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  5. Daniela de Melo e Silva
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Contributions

D.F.S., M.B.S, and D.M.S. took the lead in writing the manuscript. All authors provided critical feedback and helped shape the research. D.F.S., M.B.S., A.T.C.L, and R.M.F collected the samples and carried out the assays. D.M.S and M.B.S analyzed the data. D.M.S obtained the financial support.

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Correspondence to Daniela de Melo e Silva.

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Sotero, D.F., Benvindo-Souza, M., de Carvalho Lopes, A.T. et al. Damage on DNA and hematological parameters of two bat species due to heavy metal exposure in a nickel-mining area in central Brazil. Environ Monit Assess 195, 1000 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11526-w

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