Abstract
As a sequel to our recent study on the oxidation by O2, i. e., autoxidation of dissolved hydrogen sulfide, H2S, in aqueous medium, we present here the results of a similar study in rain water medium. The rainwater sampling was done sequentially for four years (2016–2019). In all 67 samples of rainwater were collected on event basis during monsoon period (June-October) in and around the Campus of University of Rajasthan, Jaipur (26°50̛ N-75°52̛ E), which is situated in a semi-arid region adjacent to the Thar Desert in the North-Western part of the India having an annual average rainfall of 54 cm. ICP-MS technique was used in the analysis of rainwater and more than 30 metals were detected, which included transition metals, rare earths, less common metals. Beryllium, vanadium, silver, selenium, manganese, cerium, gallium, yttrium, barium, cesium, copper, rubidium, arsenic, lanthanum, cadmium, lead, uranium and bismuth were common to all rain water samples.
H2S oxidation by dissolved oxygen was studied in rainwater as well as in laboratory water media for comparison. The kinetics rate law was: -d[O2]/dt = k1K1[H+][S][O2]t/( [H+]2 + K1[H+] + K1K2), where K1 is first dissociation constant of H2S and k1 is the rate constant for the dominant reaction step:
HS− + O2 → products.
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Acknowledgements
This work is a part of Project SB/S4/AS:143/2014 funded by Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India, New Delhi.
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This Project SB/S4/AS:143/2014 received research grants from funding agency Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govt. of India, New Delhi.
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Krishna Swarup Gupta conceived and designed the research, interpreted and analyzed the experimental data, Paramjeet Singh, Swati Bugalia and Chandra Pal Singh Chandel collected rainwater samples and carried out analyzes, Deepak Singh Rathore and Chaitanya Dev Misra carried out kinetics work. Krishna Swarup Gupta wrote the manuscript and all authors commented and discussed the manuscript and approved.
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Rathore, D.S., Singh, P., Misra, C.D. et al. Heavy and less common metals in rainwater and the kinetics of the oxidation of hydrogen sulfide by oxygen in rainwater medium. Environ Monit Assess 195, 762 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11374-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-11374-8