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Variability of biochemical compounds in surface sediments along the eastern margin of the Arabian Sea

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Abstract

Different fractions of organic matter in surface sediments from three transects along the eastern margin of the Arabian Sea (AS) were quantified to determine the sources of organic matter, and also to study its impact on microbial community structure. From the extensive analyses of different biochemical parameters, it was evident that the distribution of total carbohydrate (TCHO), total neutral carbohydrate (TNCHO), proteins, lipids, and uronic acids (URA) concentrations and yield (% TCHO-C/TOC) are affected by organic matter (OM) sources and microbial degradation of sedimentary OM. Monosaccharide compositions from surface sediment was quantified to assess the sources and diagenetic fate of carbohydrates, suggesting that the deoxysugars (rhamnose plus fucose) had significant inverse relationship (r = 0.928, n = 13, p < 0.001) with hexoses (mannose plus galactose plus glucose) and positive relationship (r = 0.828, n = 13, p < 0.001) with pentoses (ribose plus arabinose plus xylose). This shows that marine microorganisms are the source of carbohydrates and there is no influence of terrestrial OM along the eastern margin of AS. During the degradation of algal material, the hexoses seem to be preferentially used by heterotrophic organisms in this region. Arabinose plus galactose (glucose free wt %) values between 28 and 64 wt% indicate that OM was derived from phytoplankton, zooplankton, and non-woody tissues. In the principal component analysis, rhamnose, fucose, and ribose form one cluster of positive loadings while glucose, galactose, and mannose form another cluster of negative loadings which suggest that during OM sinking process, hexoses were removed resulting in increase in bacterial biomass and microbial sugars. Results indicate sediment OM to be derived from marine microbial source along the eastern margin of AS.

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The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Director of the institute for his help and encouragements. All the scientific and crew members of the cruise SSK-046 of ORV Sindhu Sankalp are thanked for their cooperation during sampling. Financial supports from the CSIR funds under PSC0206 and OLP2005 are gratefully acknowledged. This is NIO contribution number is 7022.

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  1. Microbial Ecology Lab, Biological Oceanography Division, National Institute of Oceanography, CSIR, Goa, 403004, India

    Vishwas B. Khodse, Ujwala Amberkar, Rakhee Khandeparker & N. Ramaiah

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  1. Vishwas B. Khodse
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  2. Ujwala Amberkar
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  3. Rakhee Khandeparker
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  4. N. Ramaiah
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Correspondence to Rakhee Khandeparker.

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Khodse, V.B., Amberkar, U., Khandeparker, R. et al. Variability of biochemical compounds in surface sediments along the eastern margin of the Arabian Sea. Environ Monit Assess 195, 414 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-023-10991-7

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