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The spatial distribution of physicochemical parameters in coastal sediments along the Bay of Bengal Coastal Zone with statistical analysis

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Abstract

The current study focused on the monitoring of pollution loads in the Kalpakkam coastal zone of India in terms of physico-chemical characteristics of sediment. The investigation took place at 12 sampling points around the Kalpakkam coastal zone for one year beginning from 2019. The seasonal change of nutrients in the sediment, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, total organic carbon, and particles size distribution, was calculated. Throughout the study period, the pH (7.55 to 8.99), EC (0.99 to 4.98 dS/m), nitrogen (21.74 to 58.12 kg/ha), phosphorus (7.5 to 12.9 kg/ha), potassium (218 to 399 kg/ha), total organic carbon (0.11 to 0.88%), and particle size cumulative percent of sediments (from 9.01 to 9.39%) was observed. A number of multivariate statistical techniques were used to examine the changes in sediment quality. The population means were substantially different according to the three-way ANOVA test at the 0.05 level. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis showed a substantial association with all indicators throughout all seasons, implying contamination from both natural and anthropogenic causes. The ecosystem of the Kalpakkam coastal zone has been affected by nutrient contamination.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, for providing infrastructure and continuous support to carry out this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, 603203, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India

    Kumar Pandion, Kantha Deivi Arunachalam & Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University Kuala Lumpur (South Wing), Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, No.1, 56000, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Sasikala Chinnapan

  3. Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Youngtong-GuGyeonggi-Do, Suwon, 16227, Republic of Korea

    Soon Wong Chang, Woojin Chang, Ashequr Rahman Milon & Balasubramani Ravindran

  4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, 4001, South Africa

    Robert M. Gengan

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  1. Kumar Pandion
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  2. Kantha Deivi Arunachalam
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  3. Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath
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Pandion, K., Arunachalam, K.D., Dowlath, M.J.H. et al. The spatial distribution of physicochemical parameters in coastal sediments along the Bay of Bengal Coastal Zone with statistical analysis. Environ Monit Assess 195, 126 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10568-w

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