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Pollution level, spatial distribution, and congener fractionation characteristics of low-brominated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments around Chaohu Lake, China

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Abstract

As new persistent organic compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have aroused important concern because of their potential bioaccumulation and possible ecological and health risk. To examine the sources and temporal variation of PBDEs in Chaohu Lake in eastern China, the surface sediments from Nanfei River (NFR) and core sediments from four estuaries were measured. It showed that low-brominated congeners were dominant, from MonoBDEs to HeptaBDEs (referred to as Σ39PBDE). Concentrations of ∑39PBDE and the ratios of (BDE-47 + BDE-99 + BDE-100)/(BDE-153 + BDE-154) were much greater in surface sediments than in core sediments. The highest concentration was observed in a site close to the outfall of a municipal sewage treatment plant (MSTP), and the ratio was significantly correlated with ∑39PBDE. These results suggested that PentaBDE and OctaBDE commercial mixtures were widely used around Chaohu Lake and the effluent of municipal sewage was a dominant source of PBDEs to surface sediment. Compared to data from other freshwater systems around the world, the concentrations of BDE-47 and BDE-99 in this study were in the middle of the range of global data, but BDE-183 concentrations were at the high end of the range. Due to restrictions on the usage of PentanBDE and OctaBDE commercial mixtures, reductions of PBDE levels from subsurface to superficial layer were observed in all estuaries. Elevated contribution by MonoBDEs to ∑39PBDE in the estuary of the only outflow river suggests significant congener fractionation. TriBDEs, TetraBDEs, and HexaBDEs appeared to pose low risks in all surface sediments, but moderate to high risks may be expected for PentaBDEs. Overall, the results would contribute to a better understanding of the sources and environmental fate of PBDEs in the studied eutrophicated lake.

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Funding

The work was supported by Key Technologies Research and Development Program-Topic 5(2021YFC 3201005), Anhui Provincial Key Research And Development Plan (2022l07020025), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41773096), and top-notch Talents Program of universities in Anhui Province (2019gx bjZD24).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Waste Resource Utilization, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China

    Guangzhou Chen & Xinyue Deng

  2. Anhui Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Waste Water Recycling, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, China

    Guangzhou Chen & Xinyue Deng

  3. LID, Guangzhou GRG Metrology & Test (Hefei) CO, Hefei, 230088, China

    Jizhong Wang

  4. Anhui Research Academy of Ecological Civilization, Anhui JianZhu University, Hefei, 230601, China

    Guangzhou Chen

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  2. Xinyue Deng
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  3. Jizhong Wang
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Contributions

Guangzhou Chen: writing—writing part of the manuscript; review and editing; funding acquisition; supervision. Xinyue Deng: participating in the discussion; writing—review and editing. Jizhong Wang, a co-corresponding author: designing the structure, content, and experimental test of the article, and drafting the original draft, supervision.

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Correspondence to Guangzhou Chen or Jizhong Wang.

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Chen, G., Deng, X. & Wang, J. Pollution level, spatial distribution, and congener fractionation characteristics of low-brominated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in sediments around Chaohu Lake, China. Environ Monit Assess 194, 631 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10246-x

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