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Distribution and ecological risk of metals in an urban natural protected area in the Riviera Maya, Mexico

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A Correction to this article was published on 16 December 2022

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Abstract

Urbanization can negatively impact natural protected areas near or surrounded by cities, and such impacts include untreated wastewater discharge, leachates from dumpsters, e-waste, and road dust. In this research, we show that not only large cities with industry are prone to be polluted, but also young touristic cities with high population increase rate can suffer from urban contamination. We evaluated metal pollution in a natural protected area within a 50-year-old city without conventional industry that was likely contaminated by the urban sprawl around the protected area. We tested water, zooplankton, sediment and plant samples for metallic elements to evaluate their bioaccumulation in zooplankton, enrichment factors and geoaccumulation index values in sediments, and translocation factors in plants. Finally, we evaluated the ecological risk due to metal contamination. Metals at levels above our detection limit (20 µg/L) were not found in the water and zooplankton samples. The sediments and plants in the storm drain section of the protected area had a greater concentration of metals and wastewater indicators (coliforms) than those in the rest of the lagoon. Moreover, signs of Al, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr, Pb, and Ti contamination were found in the plant tissues. We estimated that the ecological risk of this natural protected area surrounded by the city of Cancun (Mexico) ranged from mild to strong, with Zn being the metal of most concern. The results highlight that young touristic cities around the world will endure contamination from urban sources; signs or early warnings of contamination must be identified to prevent and resolve such issues.

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Data availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available in the CICY repository at https://cicy.repositorioinstitucional.mx/jspui/handle/1003/2050

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Acknowledgements

To Gonzalo Aldana and Mónica Salas (IBANQROO) for their help and support in Manatí Lagoon.

Funding

D. Demidof received a CONACYT scholarship (1063500) and financial support from OEA-CONACYT-2020. This research was funded by Catedras CONACYT grant 2944 “Water cycle modeling of the Yucatan Peninsula” and CONAGUA 37001 “Atlas of wetlands.”

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  1. CONACYT - CICY A.C. Water Sciences Unit, Calle 8, No. 39, Mz 29, SM 64, 77524, Cancún, Quintana Roo, Mexico

    Dino C. H. Demidof, Jesús Alvarado-Flores, Gilberto Acosta-González, Daniela Ortega-Camacho, Saasil Yeimy Pech-Chi & Eduardo Cejudo

  2. Ingeniería Ambiental, Universidad del Caribe, Fraccionamiento Tabachines, Mz. 1, SM 78, 77528, Cancún, Quintana Roo, Mexico

    Saasil Yeimy Pech-Chi, Jessica Borbolla-Vázquez & Job Alí Díaz-Hernández

  3. Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad Politécnica de Quintana Roo, Av. Arco Bicentenario, Mz. 11, Lote 1119-33 SM 255, Cancún, Quintana Roo, Mexico

    Jessica Borbolla-Vázquez & Job Alí Díaz-Hernández

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  1. Dino C. H. Demidof
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Demidof, D.C.H., Alvarado-Flores, J., Acosta-González, G. et al. Distribution and ecological risk of metals in an urban natural protected area in the Riviera Maya, Mexico. Environ Monit Assess 194, 579 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-10244-z

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