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Spatial mismatch of ecosystem service demands and supplies in China, 2000–2020

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Abstract

The supply capacity of ecosystem services (ES) in the past decades has shown a significant decrease globally, while ES demand capacity has increased. Identifying the spatial mismatch of ES supply and demand (ES S&D) can provide valuable knowledge about where the gaps are. Existing studies, however, lack specifics about the spatial mismatch of ES S&D—that is, few studies consider the coupling and decoupling relationship of ES S&D at the national scale. This study tries to fill the gap by examining the spatiotemporal distribution of ES S&D capacity in China from 2000 through 2020 using the land use/land cover matrix method. The spatial mismatch between ES S&D was ultimately identified by using coupling and decoupling analysis models. A continuous increase was found in the ES demand capacity in China during the period studied, while a continuous decline was found in the ES supply capacity. The coupling degree of the ES S&D was relatively higher in the plains areas. The strong negative decoupling was the dominant relationship between ES S&D, which was widely distributed in eastern and southeastern China. The spatial mismatch of ES S&D in China has increased substantially from 2000 through 2020. The findings in this study provide important implications for ES management and effective allocation of resources.

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Funding

The research is sponsored in part by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 42001187). The project was also supported by the State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology of China (2021-KF-03).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geography, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China

    Wanxu Chen

  2. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China

    Wanxu Chen

  3. Department of Agricultural Economics, Sociology, and Education, Population Research Institute, and Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, 112E Armsby, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    Guangqing Chi

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WC: conceptualization, methodology, software, writing (original draft), formal analysis; WC: conceptualization, methodology; GC: conceptualization, writing (review and editing).

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Correspondence to Wanxu Chen.

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Chen, W., Chi, G. Spatial mismatch of ecosystem service demands and supplies in China, 2000–2020. Environ Monit Assess 194, 295 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-09981-y

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