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Biomonitoring of airborne trace elements using transplanted lichens around a paper industry (Morelia, Mexico)

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Abstract

The deposition of trace elements around a pulp and paper industry in Morelia, Mexico, was evaluated using two lichen species as biomonitors. Samples of the foliose lichen Flavopunctelia praesignis and the fruticose lichen Usnea ceratina were collected in two remote areas and transplanted at different distances and directions from the pollution source. Lichen samples were exposed for 4 months (1) around the industrial area and (2) in their native habitats (control sites). We investigated the bioaccumulation of 11 trace elements in lichen thalli, and we compared the response of the two lichen species. To identify possible common sources, we evaluated the relationships between trace elements by correlations and cluster analyses. Our results showed that Cd was a good tracer for air pollution from the pulp and paper mills. In samples of Usnea ceratina exposed around the industrial area, Cd was significantly higher than in the remote area. Within the study area, trace element contents increase with the distance from the source, and they showed high depositions in the direction of prevailing winds. Moreover, we were able to detect groups of elements with similar behavior and common origins. Our results indicated that Flavopunctelia praesignis showed a higher capacity to accumulate trace elements than Usnea ceratina.

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Data availability statement

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express special thanks to the Laboratorio de Macromicetes y Líquenes and the Voluntary Conservation Area “El Tocuz” for their help in field and laboratory work. Ruth Alfaro Cuevas Villanueva, Ofelia Morton Bermea, Elizabeth Hernández Álvarez, and the ICP-MS laboratory of the Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) thanked for their financial support and their assistance during the chemical analysis. We are grateful to anonymous revisors for the useful comments. Thanks to the Mexican Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) for the scholarship assigned to the first author.

Funding

This research was funded by the Mexican Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) through MSc. grant (CVU: 858383) for the first author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Macromicetes y Líquenes, Jardín Botánico Nicolaita “Melchor Ocampo”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Camino de La Arboleda, 58341, Morelia, Mexico

    Violeta Rangel-Osornio & Víctor Manuel Gómez-Reyes

  2. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de La Tierra, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, J. Mújica, 58040, Morelia, Mexico

    Ruth Alfaro Cuevas-Villanueva

  3. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana, 24071, Leon, Spain

    Ana Belén Fernández-Salegui

  4. Laboratorio ICP-MS, Instituto de Geofísica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico

    Ofelia Morton Bermea & Elizabeth Hernández Álvarez

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  1. Violeta Rangel-Osornio
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  2. Víctor Manuel Gómez-Reyes
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  6. Elizabeth Hernández Álvarez
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Rangel-Osornio, V., Gómez-Reyes, V.M., Cuevas-Villanueva, R.A. et al. Biomonitoring of airborne trace elements using transplanted lichens around a paper industry (Morelia, Mexico). Environ Monit Assess 194, 244 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-022-09873-1

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