Abstract
Among the environmental emerging concern rare earth elements, lanthanum (La) is one of the most common and reactive. Lanthanum is widely used in numerous modern technologies and applications, and its intense usage results in increasing discharges into the environment, with potentially deleterious consequences to earthlings. Therefore, we exposed the important food resource and powerful monitoring tool Manila clam to two environmentally relevant concentrations of La (0.3 µg L−1 and 0.9 µg L−1) for 6 days, through water, to assess the bioaccumulation pattern in the gills, digestive gland, and remaining body. The La bioaccumulation was measured after 1 (T1), 2 (T2), and 6 (T6) days of exposure. Lanthanum was bioaccumulated after 2 days, and the levels increased in all tissues in a dose-dependent manner. When exposed to 0.3 µg L−1, the enrichment factor pattern was gills > body > digestive gland. However, when exposed to 0.9 µg L−1, the pattern appears to change to gills > digestive gland > body. Tissue portioning appears to be linked with exposed concentration: In higher exposure levels, digestive gland seems to gain importance, probably associated with detoxification mechanisms. Here, we describe for the first time La bioaccumulation in these different tissues in a bivalve species. Future studies dealing with the bioaccumulation and availability of La should connect them with additional water parameters (such as temperature, pH, and major cations).
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The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for the useful comments and valuable advice for the improvement of this work.
Funding
This study was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), through the project Climatoxeel (PTDC/AAG-GLO/3795/2014) and the Junior Researcher contract (CEECIND/03517/2017), both awarded to TFG, the FCT-PhD grant SFRH/BD/130023/2017 awarded to CF and the strategic project UID/MAR/04292/2019 granted to MARE.
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Figueiredo, C., Grilo, T.F., Lopes, A.R. et al. Differential tissue accumulation in the invasive Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, under two environmentally relevant lanthanum concentrations. Environ Monit Assess 194, 11 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09666-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09666-y