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The toxicity analysis of PVP, PVA and PEG surface functionalized ZnO nanoparticles on embryonic as well as adult Danio rerio

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Abstract

Globally, the production of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) increased due to its wide applications including cosmetics, paints etc., and gets accumulated in the environment during their production, use or end-of-life. The toxic effects of the NPs vary with the presence of various surface modification agents. In the current report, toxic effect of bare and capped ZnO NPs with polymeric surface modifying agent including polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is studied against adult as well as embryonic zebra fish. The surface capped NPs showed great variation in toxicity levels. It was observed that ZnO-PVA showed highly reduced toxic effects relative to ZnO-PEG and ZnO-PVP. Further, various environmental agents including humic acid can also have an impact on NPs toxicity. ZnO particles showed increased toxic effect in humic acid presence. The uptake of ZnO particles by D. rerio was high in the order of PVP-, PEG- and PVA- followed by bare-ZnO. The current investigation found that ZnO NPs dissolution and uptake are the major factors which cause the toxicity against adult as well as embryonic zebra fishes respectively.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the management of Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India for providing facility to carry out our work. The authors extend their appreciation to the Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP-2021/15), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Tamil Nadu, Thanjavur, 613401, India

    Akhil Kizhakkumpat

  2. Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Akhil Kizhakkumpat

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Asad Syed, Abdallah M. Elgorban & Ali H. Bahkali

  4. Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Sudheer Khan

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  1. Akhil Kizhakkumpat
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Correspondence to S. Sudheer Khan.

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Kizhakkumpat, A., Syed, A., Elgorban, A.M. et al. The toxicity analysis of PVP, PVA and PEG surface functionalized ZnO nanoparticles on embryonic as well as adult Danio rerio. Environ Monit Assess 193, 824 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-09606-w

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