Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Elevated levels of sulfur, nitrogen, and fluoride in small coastal streams near an aluminum smelter in north coastal British Columbia: a reply

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

A Related Article was published on 24 March 2021

A Related Article was published on 07 August 2020

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. Reply to Watmough et al. February 11th, 2021

References

  • Buffam, I., Laudon, H., Temnerud, J., Mörth, C. M., & Bishop, K. (2007). Landscape-scale variability of acidity and dissolved organic carbon during spring flood in a boreal stream network. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 112(1).  https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000218

  • Camargo, J. A. (1996). Estimating safe concentrations of fluoride for three species of nearctic freshwater invertebrates: Multifactor probit analysis. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 56(4), 643–648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001289900094

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Camargo, J. A., & La Point, T. W. (1995). Fluoride toxicity to aquatic life: A proposal of safe concentrations for five species of palearctic freshwater invertebrates. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 29(2), 159–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00212965

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Camargo, J. A. (2003). Fluoride toxicity to aquatic organisms: A review. Chemosphere, 50(3), 251–264. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00498-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CCME. (2002). Canadian water quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: Inorganic fluorides. In Canadian environmental quality guidelines (pp. 1–4). Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada: Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME).

  • DeWalle, D. R., & Swistock, B. R. (1994). Causes of episodic acidification in five Pennsylvania streams on the Northern Appalachian Plateau. Water Resources Research, 30(7), 1955–1963. https://doi.org/10.1029/94WR00758

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Driscoll, C. T., Lawrence, G. B., Bulger, A. J., Butler, T. J., Cronan, C. S., Eagar, C., et al. (2001). Acidic deposition in the northeastern United States: Sources and inputs, ecosystem effects, and management strategies. BioScience, 51(3), 180–198. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051{[}0180:ADITNU]2.0.CO;2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elser, J. J., Andersen, T., Baron, J. S., Bergström, A. K., Jansson, M., Kyle, M., et al. (2009). Shifts in lake N: P stoichiometry and nutrient limitation driven by atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Science, 326(5954), 835–837. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1176199

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ESSA Technologies, Laurence, J., Risk Sciences International, Trent University, & Trinity Consultants. (2014). KitimatAirshed Emissions Effects Assessment (pp. 1–205). Report prepared for BC Ministry of Environment.

    Google Scholar 

  • Henriksen, A., & Posch, M. (2001). Steady-state models for calculating critical loads of acidity for surface water. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution: Focus, 1, 375–398.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holtgrieve, G. W., Schindler, D. E., Hobbs, W. O., Leavitt, P. R., Ward, E. J., Bunting, L., et al. (2011). A coherent signature of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition to remote watersheds of the Northern Hemisphere. Science, 334 (6062), 1545–1548. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1212267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kowalik, R. A., Cooper, D. M., Evans, C. D., & Ormerod, S. J. (2007). Acidic episodes retard the biological recovery of upland British streams from chronic acidification. Global Change Biology, 13 (11), 2439+. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01437.x

  • Maguire, T. J., Weidman, R. P., Mundle, S. O. C., Moore, J. W., Chezik, K. A., & Selbie, D. T. (2020). Impacts of industrial atmospheric emissions on watershed export of dissolved ions in coastal streams: A Bayesian modeling approach. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 192(9), 1–9 + 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-08493-x

  • McPherson, C. A., Lee, D. H. Y., & Chapman, P. M. (2014). Development of a fluoride chronic effects benchmark for aquatic life in freshwater. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 33(11), 2621–2627. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2724

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Molot, L. A., Dillon, P. J., & Lazerte, B. D. (1989). Factors affecting alkalinity concentrations of streamwater during snowmelt in central Ontario. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 46(10), 1658–1666. https://doi.org/10.1139/f89-211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pearcy, K., Elphick, J., & Burnett-Seidel, C. (2015). Toxicity of fluoride to aquatic species and evaluation of toxicity modifying factors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 34(7), 1642–1648. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.2963

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rio Tinto. (2018). Environmental Report, BC Works. Rio Tinto Inc, 1–57.

  • Wolfe, A. P., Van Gorp, A. C., & Baron, J. S. (2003). Recent ecological and biogeochemical changes in alpine lakes of Rocky Mountain National Park (Colorado, USA): A response to anthropogenic nitrogen deposition. Geobiology, 1(2), 153–168. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-4669.2003.00012.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON , Canada

    R. Paul Weidman, Timothy J. Maguire & Scott O. C. Mundle

  2. Earth to Oceans Research Group, Simon Fraser University, BC, Burnaby, Canada

    Jonathan W. Moore

  3. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada

    Scott O. C. Mundle

  4. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Science Branch, Pacific Region, Cultus Lake Salmon Research Laboratory, Cultus Lake, BC, Canada

    Daniel T. Selbie

Authors
  1. R. Paul Weidman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Timothy J. Maguire
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jonathan W. Moore
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Scott O. C. Mundle
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Daniel T. Selbie
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Paul Weidman.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Weidman, R.P., Maguire, T.J., Moore, J.W. et al. Elevated levels of sulfur, nitrogen, and fluoride in small coastal streams near an aluminum smelter in north coastal British Columbia: a reply. Environ Monit Assess 193, 212 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-08973-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-08973-8

Search

Navigation