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Anatomical, physiological, and chemical alterations in lichen (Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale) transplants due to air pollution in two cities of Brahmaputra Valley, India

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Abstract

The lichen species Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale was transplanted in two cities—Tezpur (small) and Guwahati (large)—of the Brahmaputra Valley to assess the impact of air pollution on the anatomy and physiology, and accumulation of pollutants. Significant damage to the anatomy was observed in samples, and the degree of damage was found to be higher in the transplants of the larger city. In the lichen transplants from locations having high traffic density, the total chlorophyll content was found to fall; on the contrary, electrical conductivity was found to be higher. The exposed-to-control ratio showed severe accumulation of Cd in all the transplants. Elements such as Cd, Pb, and Zn were found to be enriched in all the lichen samples from both Guwahati as well as Tezpur city. Besides, Cr, Cu, K, and Ni were also realized to be enhanced to a moderate extent. The correlations of indicator metal species pairs showed that anthropogenic influence was quite clear.

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Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the University Grants Commission (UGC), Government of India, for the Rajib Gandhi National Fellowship to Rebecca Daimari, and Tezpur University for providing SEM-EDX and ICP-OES facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, India

    Rebecca Daimari, Pranamika Bhuyan, Sharfaa Hussain & Raza R. Hoque

  2. Department of Botany, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, 783370, India

    Rebecca Daimari

  3. Assam Women’s University, Jorhat, Assam, India

    Pranamika Bhuyan

  4. Lichenology Laboratory, NBRI, Lucknow, India

    Sanjeeva Nayaka

  5. Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    M. A. Jafar Mazumder

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  1. Rebecca Daimari
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Correspondence to Raza R. Hoque.

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Daimari, R., Bhuyan, P., Hussain, S. et al. Anatomical, physiological, and chemical alterations in lichen (Parmotrema tinctorum (Nyl.) Hale) transplants due to air pollution in two cities of Brahmaputra Valley, India. Environ Monit Assess 193, 101 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-021-08897-3

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