Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

GIS-based spatial analysis: basic sanitation services in Parana State, Southern Brazil

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The objective of this study is to provide a view of the geographic distribution of basic sanitation services offered in Parana, Brazil. Temporal distributions, spatial patterns, and clusters were determined using 2000, 2010, and 2016 data. Tabular data of the percentages of households receiving water supply, waste collection, and sanitary sewage treatments were used as the basic inputs of the study. Time series maps were created using geographic information systems (GIS) for the visualization of the temporal changes in basic sanitation rates. The spatial variation in sanitation services was measured using Moran’s Global Index (Moran’s I), while the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) and Getis-Ord Gi*(d) were used to identify the presence of possible clusters and hot spots in the percentage of households with sanitation services. The study showed strong evidence that the service rates for sanitary sewage were significantly lower than those for water supply and waste collection. Waste collection proved to have the highest service rate in the study area. Waste collection was also the service that increased the most in the study period, followed by the water supply service. Identification of the most vulnerable municipalities was performed using LISA and the local Getis-Ord Gi*(d) statistic. Most of the low value clusters and cold spots were detected in the southern and west-central regions, while the high value hot spots and clusters were detected in the northern and northeastern regions of the state of Parana.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alkoy, S., Ulugtekin, N., & Dogru, A. O. (2007). Monitoring vaccination coverage in Istanbul using the lot quality assurance sampling and geographic information system. The Journal of International Medical Research, 35(2), 242–252.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anselin, L. (1995). Local indicators of spatial association - LISA. Geographical Analysis, 27(2), 93–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atlas Brasil. Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano no Brasil – Indicadores. 2010. Available from : < http://atlasbrasil.org.br/2013/>. Accessed 26 May 2017.

  • Aubin, D., Riche, C., Vande, V. W., & La Jeunesse, I. (2019). The adaptive capacity of local water basin authorities to climate change: The Thau lagoon basin in France. Science of the Total Environment, 651(2), 2013–2023.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barros, R. T. D. V., et al. (1995). Manual de saneamento e proteção ambiental para os municípios. Belo Horizonte: Belo Horizonte.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bavia, M. E., Malone, J. B., Hale, L., Dantas, A., Marroni, L., & Reis, R. (2001). Use of thermal and vegetation index data from earth observing satellites to evaluate the risk of schistosomiasis in Bahia, Brazil. Acta Tropica, 79, 79–85.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, L. R., Rodriguez, M. H., Dister, S. W., Rodriguez, A. D., Washino, R. K., Roberts, D. R., & Spanner, M. A. (1997). Assessment of a remote sensing based model for predicting malaria transmission risk in villages of Chiapas. Mexico. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 56, 99–106.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, L. R., Lobitz, B. M., & Wood, B. L. (2000). Remote sensing and human health: New sensors and new opportunities. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 6, 217–227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brinkerhoff, D. W. (1999). Exploring state–civil society collaboration: Policy partnerships in developing countries. Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 28(1), 59–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Curtis, A., & Leitner, M. (2006). Geographic information systems and public health: Eliminating perinatal disparity (p. 178). Hershey: IRM Press.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • D'Alessandro, D., Tedesco, P., Rebecchi, A., & Capolongo, S. (2016). Water use and water saving in Italian hospitals. A preliminary investigation. Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 52, 56–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dogru, A. O., Davidb, R. M., Ulugtekina, N., Goksela, C., Seker, D. Z., & Sözen, S. (2017). GIS based spatial pattern analysis: Children with hepatitis a in Turkey. Environmental Research, 156, 349–357.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Embrapa. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária. Embrapa Monitoramento por satélite. 2011. Available from : < https://www.embrapa.br/territorial/>. Accessed 29 Oct 2019.

  • Fisher, W. F. (1997). Doing good? The politics and Antipolitics of NGO practices. Annual Review of Anthropology, 26, 439–464.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Getis, A., & Ord, J. K. (1996). Local spatial statistics: An overview. In P. Longley & M. Batty (Eds.), Spatial analysis: Modelling in a GIS environment (pp. 261–277).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gopal, S., & Sarkar, R. (2009). Study of water supply & sanitation practices in India using geographic information systems: Some design & other considerations in a village setting. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 129, 233–241.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guimarães, R.J.P.S., Freitas, C.C., Dutra, L.V., Moura, A.C.M., Amaral, R.S., Drummond, S.C., Guerra, M., Scholte, R.G.C., Freitas, C.R., Carvalho, O.S. (2006). Analysis and estimative of schistosomiasis prevalence for Minas Gerais state, Brazil, using multiple regression with social and environmental spatial data. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz. 101 (Supl. I), 91–96.

  • Haveri, A. (2008). Evaluation of change in local governance: the rhetorical wall and the politics of images. Evaluation, 14(2), 141–155.

  • Heller, L., & Pádua, V. L. D. (2006). Abastecimento de água para consumo humano. Belo Horizonte: Editora UFMG.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ibge. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (2010). Pesquisa Nacional de Saneamento Básico 2008. Ministério das Cidades. Rio de Janeiro.

  • Ipardes. Instituto Paranaense de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Índice de Vulnerabilidade das Famílias Paranaenses: Mensuração a partir do Cadastro Único para Programas Sociais – CadÚnico. Curitiba, 2012.

  • Itb. Instituto Trata Brasil (2010). Benefícios econômicos da expansão do saneamento brasileiro. Available from <http://www.tratabrasil.org.br/estudos/estudos-itb/itb/beneficios-economicos-e-sociais-da-expansao-do-saneamento-brasileiro>Accessed 05 July 2017.

  • Leke, J. O., & Leke, E. N. (2019). Environmental sustainability and development in Nigeria: Beyond the rhetoric of governance. International Journal of Development and Management Review, 14(1), 25–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Liu, J., Li, M., Wu, M., Luan, X., Wang, W., Yu, Z. (2019). Influences of the south–to-north water diversion project and virtual water flows on regional water resources considering both water quantity and quality, Journal of Cleaner Production. Available from, < https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118920 > Accessed 30 Nov 2019.

  • Longley, P.A., Goodchild, M.F., Maguire, D.J., Rhind, D.W. (2011). Geographic Information Systems and Science. John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, England.540 p.

  • Mathur, M. (2015). Spatial autocorrelation analysis in plant population: An overview. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 7(1), 501–513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mendonça, M., Motta, J. C., & Seroa, R. (2007). Saúde e saneamento no Brasil. Revista Planejamento e Políticas Públicas, 30, 15–30.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moffatt, I. (1992). The evolution of the sustainable development concept: A perspective from Australia. Australian Geographical Studies, 30(1), 27–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ntozini, R., Marks, S. J., Mangwadu, G., Mbuya, M. N. N., Gerema, G., Mutasa, B., Julian, T. R., & Schwab, K. J. (2015). Using geographic information systems and spatial analysis methods to assess household water access and sanitation coverage in the SHINE trial. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 61(7), 716–725.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ogera, R. C. (2002.). Análise da gestão local e estadual dos serviços de água e esgoto no estado de São Paulo. Tese Doutorado. Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo.

  • Opp, S. M., Saunders, K. L. (2013). Pillar talk: Local sustainability initiatives and policies in the United States – Finding evidence of the “three E’s”: Economic development, environmental protection, and social equity. Urban Affairs Review

  • Ord, J. K., & Getis, A. (1995). Local spatial autocorrelation statistics: Distributional issues and an application. Geographical Analysis, 27(4), 286–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ord, J. K., & Getis, A. (2001). Testing for local spatial autocorrelation in the presence of global autocorrelation. Journal of Regional Science, 41(3), 411–432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paez, A., & Darrem, M. S. (2004). Spatial statistics for urban analysis: A review of techniques with examples. GeoJournal, 61, 53–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pnad (2015). Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílio. Domicílios particulares, por classes de rendimento mensal domiciliar, segundo a situação do domicilio e algumas características do domicilio do Brasil. Ibge.

  • Procopiuck, M., & Rosa, A. (2015). Evaluation of communities’ perception on public policies, urban rivers functions, and qualities: The Belém River case in Curitiba. Urban Water Journal, 12(7), 597–605.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosenthal, G., Rosenthal, J.A. (2011). Statistics and data interpretation for social work. Springe. Publ. Co. 227–237.

  • Snis - Sistema Nacional de Informações Sobre Saneamento. Diagnostico dos Serviços de Água e Esgotos - 2016: Quadro 14. p. 51. < http://www.snis.gov.br/diagnostico-agua-e-esgotos/diagnostico-ae-2016 > Accessed 21 Aug 2018.

  • Stoler, J., Pearson, A.L., Staddon, C., et al. (2019). Cash water expenditures are associated with household water insecurity, food insecurity, and perceived stress in study sites across 20 low- and middle-income countries,

  • Tim, U. S. (1995). The application of GIS in environmental health sciences: Opportunities and limitations. Environmental Research, 71(2), 75–88.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai, P., Lin, M., Chu, C., Perng, C. (2009). Spatial autocorrelation analysis of health care hot spots in Taiwan in 2006. BMC Public Health 9 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-9-464.

  • Ulugtekin, N., Alkoy, S., & Seker, D. Z. (2007). Use of geographic information systems in an epidemiological study of measles in Istanbul. The Journal of International Medical Research, 35(1), 150–154.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vophan, T., Brooks, M. M., Yuan, J. M., Talbott, E. O., Ruddell, D., Hart, J. E., Chang, C. H., & Weissfeld, J. L. (2015). Pesticide exposure and hepatocellular carcinoma risk: A case control study using a geographic information system (GIS) to link SEER-Medicare and California pesticide data. Environmental Research, 143(A), 68–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waller, L. A., & Gotway, C. A. (2004). Applied spatial statistics for public health data 368. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Who.World Health Organization. (2014). Progress on sanitation and drinking-water – 2014 update. Geneva: Press, W.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyber, R., Potter, J. R., & Weaver, J. B. (2014). Making mapping matter: A case study for short project international partnerships by global public health students. Global Health Action, 7(1), 23593.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zulu, L. C., Kalipeni, E., & Johannes, E. (2014). Analyzing spatial clustering and the spatiotemporal nature and trends of HIV/AIDS prevalence using GIS: The case of Malawi, 1994–2010. BMC Infectious Diseases, 14(1), 1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polytechnic School, Environmental Engineering Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, 1155 Imaculada Conceição St, Curitiba, Brazil

    Edilberto Nunes de Moura

  2. Architecture and Design School, Architecture Department, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, 1155 Imaculada Conceição St, Curitiba, Brazil

    Mario Procopiuck

Authors
  1. Edilberto Nunes de Moura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mario Procopiuck
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Edilberto Nunes de Moura.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

de Moura, E.N., Procopiuck, M. GIS-based spatial analysis: basic sanitation services in Parana State, Southern Brazil. Environ Monit Assess 192, 96 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8063-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8063-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation