Abstract
The implications of land use change in small watersheds through the conversion of forests to agropastoral areas have altered the natural nutrient cycle, intensifying exports under freshwater ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the land use effects on nutrient and sediment exports in two small watersheds in northeastern Brazil to understand if anthropogenic disturbance alters the structure end functioning of these systems. Thus, land use mapping and hydrological treatment of a digital elevation model were made to characterize the basins. Water samples were collected monthly from Aug. 2016 to Jan. 2017 to evaluate suspended sediments and dissolved nutrient fluxes (\( {\mathrm{NH}}_4^{+} \), \( {\mathrm{NO}}_3^{-} \), \( {\mathrm{NO}}_2^{-} \), \( {\mathrm{PO}}_4^{3-} \), and dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus). The results indicated that land use change had a greater influence on exports from the most disturbed basin, where the nutrient and sediment increments were respectively an average 6.61 and 5.81 times higher than the most preserved basin. Thus, the conservation status of the forest cover has influenced the assimilation capacity of diffuse loads, highlighting the differences between the microbasins of this study.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank professors Drs. Sérgio Luiz Sonoda and Francisco Carlos Fernandes de Paula, as well as Mestre Debora Alves Santos for providing the research instruments and for assistance with the field collections. Also, thanks to the CTRAN/UESC by displacement during field campaigns and Mestre Diana Tosato Ribeiro for reviewing the text in English.
Funding
The authors thank the Research Support Foundation of the State of Bahia – FAPESB (3085/2014, State University of Santa Cruz – UESC: PROPP n° 00220.1000.1470) for funding the research project, the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development – CNPq (131266/2016-0) for awarding the scholarship to the first author, the laboratories: Environmental Analysis and Planning (LAPA), Geoprocessing and Aquatic Biogeochemistry of UESC.
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de Souza Pimenta, F., de Moraes, M.E.B., da Silva, D.M.L. et al. Nutrient and sediment fluxes in microbasins with different conservation states in the northeastern Brazil. Environ Monit Assess 192, 739 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-08703-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-08703-6