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Effects of different levels of exploration on the ecological processes of Dimorphandra gardneriana, a tropical savanna tree

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Abstract

The exploitation of forest resources, especially non-timber forest products, has effects on different biological levels, from the biochemical level of an organism to the ecosystem level. The present study addresses the effects of different management strategies (protected area, managed area, and an area where the species is cultivated in agroforestry systems) in reproductive phenology, fruit features, and phytochemical profiles of Dimorphandra gardneriana (Leguminosae), a tree species, pioneer, and socioeconomically important plant of the Brazilian Savanna. Its fruits are exploited by extractivist communities to obtain rutin and quercetin, which are internationally traded bioflavonoids (two of the ten most exported phytochemicals in Brazil). The results showed that the effects on these parameters were characterized as positive, increasing according to the level of exploitation. The agroforestry system had higher yields of flavonoids of economic interest, viable fruits and seeds, followed by the management area and the protected area. Finally, knowledge about the planting effects on fava d’anta fruit production can be a great ally for effectively managing forest resources. A varied system of exploitation implies greater and more stable economic returns for extractive communities, favoring the conservation of the species in protected areas.

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Acknowledgments

This study was conducted as part of the Master’s degree work of the first author. We thank the communities (Boa vista, Mulatos and Boca da Mata) that participated in the study and the help provided by ICMBio. We thank Ezequiel C. Ferreira for the map development and Nayara SL Albuquerque for help with the statistics. We thank the Brazilian Federal Agency for Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the Master’s scholarship granted to MSA during the Master's program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate Program in Development and Environment (Master’s degree), Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba (Universidade Federal da Paraíba—UFPB), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

    Micaelle Sônia de Alcântara

  2. Laboratory of Biology and Toxicology (Laboratório de Biologia e Toxocologia - BIOTOX), Regional University of Cariri (Universidade Regional do Cariri—URCA), Crato, Ceará, Brazil

    Antonia Eliene Duarte

  3. Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria—UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil

    Aline Augusti Boligon & Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos

  4. Department of Systematics and Ecology, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

    Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena

  5. Environmental Analysis Laboratory—LAGEO/URCA, Crato, Ceará, Brazil

    Mayra Alves Pinheiro

  6. Department of Systematics and Ecology, Center for Exact and Natural Sciences, UFPB, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

    Denise Dias da Cruz

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de Alcântara, M.S., Duarte, A.E., Boligon, A.A. et al. Effects of different levels of exploration on the ecological processes of Dimorphandra gardneriana, a tropical savanna tree. Environ Monit Assess 192, 378 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-08344-9

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