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Quantitative analysis of urban cold island effects on the evolution of green spaces in a coastal city: a case study of Fuzhou, China

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Abstract

Urbanization is accompanied by drastic changes in the distribution of urban green space (UGS). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the land surface temperature difference (∆LST) and the evolution of UGSs in the main area of Fuzhou City from 1993 to 2013 using a set of remote sensing images. The results manifest that with the maximum area of UGS loss, the less UGS extension, and the less UGS exchange, the UGS area declined sharply, which results in the rise of urban thermal problem and demonstrates the negative relationship between the UGS area and its internal land surface temperature (LST). Different UGS evolution types produced a diversified temperature response pattern. According to the profile assessment, a ∆LST above 10 °C, caused by the UGS loss converted to construction land, occurred in the peak position of the online profiles. Among the UGS loss, the conversion of water had the most apparent ∆LST, followed by wetlands and forest/grass areas. The threshold value of the UGS loss area (TVoA) was quantified by analyzing the temperature change effects based on the UGS evolution temperature effect index (GETX). We concluded that the urban heat island (UHI) can be effectively alleviated by keeping the magnitude of the UGS extensions equal to the UGS loss and the UGS utilization area below 0.04 km2 in Fuzhou City. Further analysis clarified that vegetation cover changes and the evolution of UGSs were the main factors controlling the distribution of the cold/heat island.

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Abbreviations

LULC:

Land use/land cover

UGS:

Urban green space

UHI:

Urban heat island

UCI:

Urban cold island

LST:

Land surface temperature

RLST:

Relative land surface temperature

GETX:

UGS evolution temperature changeeffectindex

TVoA:

Threshold value of UGS loss area

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Acknowledgments

Many thanks to Chinese Academy of Sciences for their data sharing platforms known as Geographic Space Cloud (http://www.gscloud.cn/) and the Open Spatial Data Sharing Project (http://ids.ceode.ac.cn/).

Funding

This study is supported by the Social Science Planning Project of Fujian (No. FJ2016C033).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China

    Yanhong Chen & Chuan Tong

  2. School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China

    Yanhong Chen & Chuan Tong

  3. Fuzhou University Zhicheng College, Fuzhou, 350002, China

    Yanhong Chen

  4. College of Environment and Resources, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China

    Yuanbin Cai

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  1. Yanhong Chen
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Contributions

Tong Chuan designed the overall ideas for this study. Chen Yanhong and Cai Yuanbin performed the data analysis. Chen Yanhong wrote this manuscript and all the authors got involved in discussion of improving the quality of this manuscript. Tong Chuan was responsible for the academic opinion of this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Chuan Tong.

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Chen, Y., Cai, Y. & Tong, C. Quantitative analysis of urban cold island effects on the evolution of green spaces in a coastal city: a case study of Fuzhou, China. Environ Monit Assess 191, 121 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7213-x

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