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GIS assessment of the risk of gene flow from Brassica napus to its wild relatives in China

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Abstract

Risk of gene flow from canola (Brassica napus) to species of wild relatives was used as an example to evaluate the risk of gene flow of transgenic crops. B. juncea and B. rapa were the most common weedy Brassica species in China, which were both sexually compatible with canola. Data on canola cultivation in China were collected and analyzed using geographic information system (GIS), and the distribution of its wild relatives was predicted by MaxEnt species distribution model. Based on biological and phenological evidence, our results showed that gene flow risk exists in most parts of the country, especially in places with higher richness of wild Brassica species. However, risk in dominant canola cultivation regions is relatively low owing to the reduced distribution density of wild species in these regions. Three regions of higher risk of gene flow had been identified. Risk of gene flow is relatively high in certain areas. China has been assumed to be the original center of B. juncea and B. rapa, and gene flow may lead to negative effects on the conservation of biodiversity of local species. Strategies had been proposed to reduce the possibility of gene flow either by monitoring introgression from crops to wild relatives in the areas of high adoption of the crop or by taking measures to limit the releasing of new crops or varieties in the areas with abundant wild relatives.

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by a National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) grant (31370357) and a Commonweal Scientific Programme of the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China (201109028).

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  1. Jing-jing Dong

    Present address: Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, China

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Jing-jing Dong, Wei Wei, Ke-ping Ma & Ying-hao Wang

  2. Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China

    Ming-gang Zhang

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  1. Jing-jing Dong
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  2. Ming-gang Zhang
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  3. Wei Wei
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Correspondence to Wei Wei.

Electronic supplementary material

1. Published research literatures for wild Brassica species distribution data collection.

2. National and local floras for wild Brassica species distribution data collection.

3. Globcover 2009 Legend and Brassica habitat discrimination.

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Dong, Jj., Zhang, Mg., Wei, W. et al. GIS assessment of the risk of gene flow from Brassica napus to its wild relatives in China. Environ Monit Assess 190, 405 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6753-9

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