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Assessment of water quality monitoring for the optimal sensor placement in lake Yahuarcocha using pattern recognition techniques and geographical information systems

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Abstract

Pollution and the eutrophication process are increasing in lake Yahuarcocha and constant water quality monitoring is essential for a better understanding of the patterns occurring in this ecosystem. In this study, key sensor locations were determined using spatial and temporal analyses combined with geographical information systems (GIS) to assess the influence of weather features, anthropogenic activities, and other non-point pollution sources. A water quality monitoring network was established to obtain data on 14 physicochemical and microbiological parameters at each of seven sample sites over a period of 13 months. A spatial and temporal statistical approach using pattern recognition techniques, such as cluster analysis (CA) and discriminant analysis (DA), was employed to classify and identify the most important water quality parameters in the lake. The original monitoring network was reduced to four optimal sensor locations based on a fuzzy overlay of the interpolations of concentration variations of the most important parameters.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP) (no. 2015R1A2A2A11001120). We thank the researchers of Universidad Técnica del Norte for sharing data and information, as well as the technical staff of the Municipal Company of Water Treatment and Sewage of Ibarra (EMAPA-I) for their support and collaboration during the fieldwork.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Studies, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon-dong 1, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701, South Korea

    Gabriel Jácome & Changkyoo Yoo

  2. Empresa Pública Municipal de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado de Ibarra EMAPA-I, Antonio José de Sucre 7-77 and Pedro Moncayo Street, Ibarra, Imbabura, Ecuador

    Carla Valarezo

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  1. Gabriel Jácome
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  2. Carla Valarezo
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Correspondence to Changkyoo Yoo.

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Jácome, G., Valarezo, C. & Yoo, C. Assessment of water quality monitoring for the optimal sensor placement in lake Yahuarcocha using pattern recognition techniques and geographical information systems. Environ Monit Assess 190, 259 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6639-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6639-x

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