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Association of textile industry effluent with mutagenicity and its toxic health implications upon acute and sub-chronic exposure

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Abstract

Complex industrial discharges pose certain risks to the ecosystem. This study was aimed at identifying acute and sub-chronic toxicological effects of the textile industry wastewater. The textile wastewater was evaluated for the metals and organic pollutants by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and GC-MS respectively. In vitro genotoxicity and mutagenicity were assessed by Comet assay in peripheral lymphocytes isolated from Ovis aries and Ames test in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA-100 and 102 respectively. Physiological and behavioral changes along with systemic toxicity were determined in Rattus norvegicus albinus following acute and sub-chronic exposure. High amount of heavy metals such as Cr, Pb, Hg, As, and Cd were detected in textile wastewater. Organic pollutants such as 25-deacetoxy cucurbitacin-b, E-14-Hexadecenal, 11-Tricosene, and phthalates were also found. In vitro genotoxicity assessment in lymphocytes showed statistically significant DNA damaging potential of textile wastewater. Textile wastewater also showed significantly higher (p˂ 0.05) mutagenic potential in Salmonella TA-100 and TA-102 strains than sodium azide and 2-amino anthracycline. Acute exposure of textile wastewater to Rattus norvegicus was associated with several physiological changes and behavioral symptoms. Sub-chronic exposure of textile wastewater in Rattus norvegicus instigated the degeneration and necrosis of epithelial cells in renal tubules, hydropic degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, peri-bronchiolar infiltration and emphysema of the alveoli, and the degradation of myocardial cells. This study concludes that the textile wastewater may cause genotoxicity and mutagenicity, result in physiological and behavioral changes upon acute exposure, and inflict various pathological lesions upon sub-chronic exposure.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Muhammad Furqan Akhtar, Muhammad Ashraf, Aqeel Javeed & Ali Sharif

  2. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Furqan Akhtar, Mohammad Saleem & Ammara Saleem

  3. Department of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Aftab Ahmad Anjum

  4. Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Ali Sharif

  5. Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Ghulam Mustafa

  6. Post Graduate Medical Institute, Jail Road, Lahore, Pakistan

    Moneeb Ashraf

  7. Institute of Pharmacy, Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Bushra Akhtar

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  1. Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
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  2. Muhammad Ashraf
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Akhtar, M.F., Ashraf, M., Javeed, A. et al. Association of textile industry effluent with mutagenicity and its toxic health implications upon acute and sub-chronic exposure. Environ Monit Assess 190, 179 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6569-7

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