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New insight into defining the lakes of the southern Baltic coastal zone

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Abstract

There exist many classification systems of hydrographic entities such as lakes found along the coastlines of seas and oceans. Each system has its advantages and can be used with some success in the area of protection and management. This paper aims to evaluate whether the studied lakes are only coastal lakes or rather bodies of water of a completely different hydrological and hydrochemical nature. The attempt to create a new classification system of Polish coastal lakes is related to the incompleteness of lake information in existing classifications. Thus far, the most frequently used are classifications based solely on lake basin morphogenesis or hydrochemical properties. The classifications in this paper are based not only on the magnitude of lake water salinity or hydrochemical analysis but also on isolation from the Baltic Sea and other sources of water. The key element of the new classification system for coastal bodies of water is a departure from the existing system used to classify lakes in Poland and the introduction of ion-“tracking” methods designed to identify anion and cation distributions in each body of water of interest. As a result of the work, a new classification of lakes of the southern Baltic Sea coastal zone was created. Featured objects such as permanently brackish lakes, brackish lakes that may turn into freshwater lakes from time to time, freshwater lakes that may turn into brackish lakes from time to time, freshwater lakes that experience low levels of salinity due to specific incidents, and permanently freshwater lakes. The authors have adopted 200 mg Cl− dm−3 as a maximum value of lake water salinity. There are many conditions that determine the membership of a lake to a particular group, but the most important is the isolation lakes from the Baltic Sea. Changing a condition may change the classification of a lake.

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  1. Department of Hydrology, Institute of Geography, University of Gdańsk, Bażyńskiego 4, 80-952, Gdańsk, Poland

    Roman Cieśliński & Alicja Olszewska

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  1. Roman Cieśliński
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  2. Alicja Olszewska
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Correspondence to Roman Cieśliński.

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Cieśliński, R., Olszewska, A. New insight into defining the lakes of the southern Baltic coastal zone. Environ Monit Assess 190, 102 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6447-8

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