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Effects of coal spoil amendment on heavy metal accumulation and physiological aspects of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) growing in copper mine tailings

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Abstract

Copper mine tailings pose many threats to the surrounding environment and human health, and thus, their remediation is fundamental. Coal spoil is the waste by-product of coal mining and characterized by low levels of metals, high content of organic matter, and many essential microelements. This study was designed to evaluate the role of coal spoil on heavy uptake and physiological responses of Lolium perenne L. grown in copper mine tailings amended with coal spoil at rates of 0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20%. The results showed that applying coal spoil to copper mine tailings decreased the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn contents in tailings and reduced those metal contents in both roots and shoots of the plant. However, application of coal spoil increased the DTPA-extractable Cr concentration in tailings and also increased Cr uptake and accumulation by Lolium perenne L. The statistical analysis of physiological parameters indicated that chlorophyll and carotenoid increased at the lower amendments of coal spoil followed by a decrease compared to their respective controls. Protein content was enhanced at all the coal spoil amendments. When treated with coal spoil, the activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) responded differently. CAT activity was inhibited, but POD activity was increased with increasing amendment ratio of coal spoil. SOD activity increased up to 1% coal spoil followed by a decrease. Overall, the addition of coal spoil decreased the oxidative stress in Lolium perenne L., reflected by the reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in the plant. It is concluded that coal spoil has the potential to stabilize most metals studied in copper mine tailings and ameliorate the harmful effects in Lolium perenne L. through changing the physiological attributes of the plant grown in copper mine tailings.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0201605), Anhui University Natural Science Research Project (KJ2016A827; KJ2016A191; KJ2017A463), Anhui Natural Science Foundation (1608085QE125; 1508085MD67), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41471422; No. E080404; No. 51608006). The authors acknowledge the special support from the Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Anhui Province. Furthermore, many thanks to the support from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016M602010), Anhui Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017B147) and a special Postdoctoral Scientific Research Project sponsored by Sinosteel Maanshan Institute of Mining Research Company Limited (05417YF001). Also, thanks to a Scientific Research Project from Huainan Normal University (2017xj89; 2016xj04zd).

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  1. School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China

    Zhaoxia Chu, Xingming Wang, Zhongbing Dong & Fugeng Zha

  2. School of Bioengineering, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, 232038, China

    Zhaoxia Chu, Xingming Wang & Xianwen Lu

  3. College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, China

    Zhaoxia Chu & Xingming Wang

  4. Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China

    Zhaoxia Chu & Xingming Wang

  5. School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China

    Zhaoxia Chu, Xingming Wang, Guijian Liu & Zhongbing Dong

  6. Sinosteel Maanshan Institute of Mining Research Company Limited, Maanshan, 243000, China

    Xingming Wang & Yunmin Wang

  7. Key Laboratory of Mine Geological Disaster Prevention in Anhui Province, Wuhu, China

    Xingming Wang

  8. School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230022, China

    Guangzhou Chen

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Chu, Z., Wang, X., Wang, Y. et al. Effects of coal spoil amendment on heavy metal accumulation and physiological aspects of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) growing in copper mine tailings. Environ Monit Assess 190, 36 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6400-x

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