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Temporal dynamics of land use/land cover change and its prediction using CA-ANN model for southwestern coastal Bangladesh

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Abstract

Change analysis of land use and land cover (LULC) is a technique to study the environmental degradation and to control the unplanned development. Analysis of the past changing trend of LULC along with modeling future LULC provides a combined opportunity to evaluate and guide the present and future land use policy. The southwest coastal region of Bangladesh, especially Assasuni Upazila of Satkhira District, is the most vulnerable to natural disasters and has faced notable changes in its LULC due to the combined effects of natural and anthropogenic causes. The objectives of this study are to illustrate the temporal dynamics of LULC change in Assasuni Upazila over the last 27 years (i.e., between 1989 and 2015) and also to predict future land use change using CA-ANN (cellular automata and artificial neural network) model for the year 2028. Temporal dynamics of LULC change was analyzed, employing supervised classification of multi-temporal Landsat images. Then, prediction of future LULC was carried out by CA-ANN model using MOLUSCE plugin of QGIS. The analysis of LULC change revealed that the LULC of Assasuni had changed notably during 1989 to 2015. “Bare lands” decreased by 21% being occupied by other land uses, especially by “shrimp farms.” Shrimp farm area increased by 25.9% during this period, indicating a major occupational transformation from agriculture to shrimp aquaculture in the study area during the period under study. Reduction in “settlement” area revealed the trend of migration from the Upazila. The predicted LULC for the year 2028 showed that reduction in bare land area would continue and 1595.97 ha bare land would transform into shrimp farm during 2015 to 2028. Also, the impacts of the changing LULC on the livelihood of local people and migration status of the Upazila were analyzed from the data collected through focus group discussions and questionnaire surveys. The analysis revealed that the changing LULC and the occupational shift from paddy cultivation to shrimp farming were related to each other. Around 31.3% of the total respondents stated that at least one of their family members had migrated. Climate-driven southwestern coastal people usually migrate from the vulnerable rural areas towards the nearest relatively safe city due to adverse effects of natural disasters. To control the unplanned development and reduce the internal migration in Assasuni and other coastal areas, a comprehensive land use management plan was suggested that would accommodate the diversified uses of coastal lands and eventually lessen the threats to the life and livelihood of the local people.

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Acknowledgements

Authors gratefully acknowledge the supports of concerned authorities and the staffs of the Climate Change Lab of Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), Dhaka. Help and sincere cooperation of the local communities, local government representatives, and NGOs of Assasuni Upazila are greatly appreciated as well.

Funding

This research has received funding from the Higher Education Quality Enhancement Project (HEQEP, CP-3143), which was jointly funded by the Government of Bangladesh (GoB) and the World Bank and implemented by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of Bangladesh.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Climate Change Lab, Department of Civil Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology (MIST), Mirpur, Dhaka, 1216, Bangladesh

    M. Tauhid Ur Rahman, Faheemah Tabassum, Md. Rasheduzzaman, Humayra Saba, Lina Sarkar & Jannatul Ferdous

  2. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh

    M. Tauhid Ur Rahman

  3. Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering (CAEE), Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Curtis 251, Philadelphia, PA, 1207, USA

    Md. Rasheduzzaman

  4. W.M. Keck Center for 3D Innovation, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA

    Syed Zia Uddin

  5. Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO), Ministry of Defence, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh

    A. Z. M. Zahedul Islam

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  1. M. Tauhid Ur Rahman
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  2. Faheemah Tabassum
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Rahman, M., Tabassum, F., Rasheduzzaman, M. et al. Temporal dynamics of land use/land cover change and its prediction using CA-ANN model for southwestern coastal Bangladesh. Environ Monit Assess 189, 565 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6272-0

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