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A field screening test for the assessment of concentrations and mobility of potentially toxic elements in soils: a case study on urban soils from Rome and Novi Sad

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Abstract

The increasing demand for environmental pollution control results in the development and use of new procedures for the determination of dangerous chemicals. Simple screening methods, which can be used directly in the field for a preliminary assessment of soil contamination, seem to be extremely advantageous. In our laboratory, we developed and optimized a rapid test for a preliminary evaluation of both the concentration and the mobility of some potentially toxic metals in soils. This screening test consists of a single extraction of the soil sample with a buffer solution, followed by the titration of the extracted solution with dithizone to determine the contents of bi-valent heavy metals (such as Pb, Cu, Zn, and Cd). This screening method was then directly applied in the field during the sampling campaign in the framework of an Italian–Serbian collaborative project, finalized in the study of metal availability in soils. The results obtained in the field with the rapid test were compared with those obtained in the laboratory following the conventional procedure commonly used to evaluate metal bioavailability (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic extraction). Moreover, selected samples were analyzed sequentially in the laboratory using the standardized BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure. The screening test gave results conceptually in good agreement with those obtained via the BCR procedure. These preliminary data show that the proposed screening test is a reliable method for the preliminary rapid evaluation of metal total concentrations and of potential metal mobility in soils, supporting sampling activities directly in the field.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (MAECI), in the framework of the scientific-technical cooperation program between Italy and the Republic of Serbia in the field of science and technology for the years 2013-2015, URBESOIL project.

The authors thank Mr. Maurizio De Cassan for his assistance during the sampling campaigns and Dr. Livia Della Seta for IT consultancy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ENEA - Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development – Department SSPT-PROTER-BIOGEOC, Casaccia Research Centre, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy

    Maria Rita Montereali, Francesca Schiavella, Giovanna Armiento, Massimo Angelone, Cinzia Crovato & Carlo Cremisini

  2. ENEA–Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, Frascati Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 45, Frascati, 00044, Rome, Italy

    Valentina Pinto

  3. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, Novi Sad, 21 000, Serbia

    Maja Manojlović & Ranko Čabilovski

Authors
  1. Maria Rita Montereali
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  2. Valentina Pinto
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  3. Francesca Schiavella
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  4. Giovanna Armiento
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  5. Massimo Angelone
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  6. Cinzia Crovato
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  7. Maja Manojlović
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  8. Ranko Čabilovski
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  9. Carlo Cremisini
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Correspondence to Maria Rita Montereali.

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Montereali, M.R., Pinto, V., Schiavella, F. et al. A field screening test for the assessment of concentrations and mobility of potentially toxic elements in soils: a case study on urban soils from Rome and Novi Sad. Environ Monit Assess 189, 466 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-017-6164-3

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