Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Spatial distribution and enteroparasite contamination in peridomiciliar soil and water in the Apucaraninha Indigenous Land, southern Brazil

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The prevalence and distribution of soil and water samples contaminated with enteroparasites of humans and animals with zoonotic potential (EHAZP) in Apucaraninha Indigenous Land (AIL), southern Brazil, was evaluated. An environmental survey was conducted to evaluate the presence of parasitic forms in peridomiciliary soil and associated variables. Soil samples were collected from 40/293 domiciles (10 domiciles per season), from November 2010 to June 2011, and evaluated by modified methods of Faust et al. and Lutz. Analyses of water from seven consumption sites were also performed. The overall prevalence of soil samples contaminated by EHAZP was 23.8 %. The most prevalent parasitic forms were cyst of Entamoeba spp. and eggs of Ascaris spp. The highest prevalence of contaminated soil samples was observed in winter (31 %). The probability map obtained with geostatistical analyses showed an average of 47 % soil contamination at a distance of approximately 140 m. The parasitological analysis of water did not detect Giardia spp. or Cryptosporidium spp. and showed that all collection points were within the standards of the Brazilian law. However, the microbiological analysis showed the presence of Escherichia coli in 6/7 sampled points. Despite the low level of contamination by EHAZP in peridomiciliar soil and the absence of pathogenic protozoa in water, the AIL soil and water (due to the presence of fecal coliforms) are potential sources of infection for the population, indicating the need for improvements in sanitation and water treatment, in addition periodic treatment of the population with antiparasitic.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • APHA, A. (1985). WEF: Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 1998. Washington, DC.

  • Araújo, N. S., Rodrigues, C. T., & Cury, M. C. (2008). Helmintos em caixas de areia em creches da cidade de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. Revista de Saúde Pública, 42, 150–153.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Banning, M. (2006). Bacteria and the gastrointestinal tract: beneficial and harmful effects. British Journal of Nursing, 15, 144–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brasil, Ministério da Saúde. (2011). Portaria MS N° 2914 DE 12/12/2011. Dispõe sobre os procedimentos de controle e de vigilância da qualidade da água para consumo humano e seu padrão de potabilidade Data D.O.: 14/12/2011.

  • Capuano, D. M., & Rocha, G. M. (2005). Environmental contamination by Toxocara sp eggs em Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brasil. Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, 47, 223–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Da Silva, J. B., Bossolani, G. D. P., Piva, C., Dias, G. B. M., Gomes, J. F., Rossoni D. F. et al. (2015). Spatial distribution of intestinal parasites in a Kaingáng indigenous village from Southern Brazil. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, in press.

  • Faust, E. C., Sawitz, W., Tobie, J., Odom, V., Peres, C., & Lincicome, D. R. (1939). Comparative efficiency of various techniques for the diagnosis of protozoa and helminth in feces. Journal for Parasitology, 25, 241–261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, M. (2003). Toxocara cati: na underestimated zoonotic agente. Trends in Parasitology, 19, 167–170.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fonseca, E. O. L., Teixeira, M. G., Barreto, M. L., Carmo, E. H., & Costa, M. C. N. (2010). Prevalence and factors associated with geohelminth infections in children living in municipalities with low HDI in North and Northeast Brazil. Public Health, 26(1), 143–152.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hay, S. I., Tatem, A. J., Graham, A. J., Goetz, S. J., & Rogers, D. J. (2006). Global environmental data for mapping infectious disease distribution. Advances in Parasitology, 62, 37–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hotez, P. J., Bundy D. A. P., Brooker S., Drake L., de Silva N. (2006). Helminth infections: soil-transmitted helminth infections and schistosomiasis. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books Acessed in 03/Mar/2015.

  • Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR). (2015). Agrometereologia. Available at: http://www.iapar.br/modules/conteudo/ conteudo.php?conteudo = 1828 Acessed in 02/Feb/2015.

  • Lappin, M. (2005). General concepts in zoonotic disease control. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice, 35, 1–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lutz, A. (1919). O Schistosomum mansoni e a schistosomatose segundo observações feitas no Brasil. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 11, 121–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maikai, B. V., Umoh, J. U., Ajanusi, O. J., & Ajogi, I. (2008). Public health implications of soil contaminated with helminth eggs in the metropolis of Kaduna, Nigéria. Journal of Helminthology, 82, 113–118.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moura, F. T., Falavigna, D. L. M., Mota, L. T., & Toledo, M. J. O. (2010). Enteroparasite contamination in peridomiciliar soils of two indigenous territories, State of Paraná, southern Brazil. Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública, 27(6), 414–422.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Navone, G. T., Gamboa, M. l., Oyhenart, E. E., & Orden, A. B. (2006). Intestinal parasitosis in Mbyá-Guaraní populations from Misiones Province, Argentina: epidemiological and nutritional aspects. Public Health, 22(5), 1089–1100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neves, D. P., Melo, A. L., Linardi, P. M., Vitor, R. W. A, Costa, H. M. A., Massara C. L. (2005). Parasitologia Humana. São Paulo: Atheneu.

  • Nishi, L., Bergamasco, R., Toledo, M. J. O., Falavigna, D. L. M., Gomes, M. L., Mota, L. T., et al. (2009). Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in the Ivaí Indigenous Land, Brazil. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 9(5), 543–547.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • R Development Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Versão 2.15.1Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing 2012; Available at: http://www.r-project.org Acessed in 04/02/2015.

  • Robinson, T. P. (2000). Spatial statistics and geographical information systems in epidemiology and public health. Advances in Parasitology, 47, 81–128.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salinas, P., Matamala, M., & Schenone, H. (2001). Prevalência de hallazgo de huevos de Toxocara canis en plazas de la Reión Metropolitana da la ciudad de Santiago, Chile. Boletín Chileno de Parasitología, 57, 3–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Santarém, V. A., Sartor, I. F., & Bergamo, F. M. M. (1998). Contaminação por ovos de Toxocara spp. de parques e Praças Públicas de Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 31, 529–532.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, S., & Kroeger, A. (1992). Soil contamination with Ascaris lumbricoides eggs as an indicator of environmental hygiene in urban areas of north-east Brazil. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 95(2), 95–103.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scolari, C., Torti, C., Beltrame, A., Matteelli, A., Castelli, F., Gulletta, M., et al. (2000). Prevalence and distribution of soil-transmitted helminthes (STH) infections in urban and indigenous schoolchildren in Ortigueira, State of Paraná, Brasil: implications for control. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 5(4), 302–307.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shimizu, A. (1993). Prevalence of Toxocara eggs in sandpits in Tokushima City and its outskirts. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 55, 807–811.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simoonga, C., Utzinger, J., Brooker, S., Vounatsou, P., Appleton, C. C., Stensgaard, A. S., et al. (2009). Remote sensing, geographical information system and spatial analysis for schistosomiasis epidemiology and ecology in Africa. Parasitology, 136, 1683–1693.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, H., Dekaminsky, R., Niwas, S., Soto, R., & Jolly, P. (2001). Prevalence and intensity of infections of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura and associated socio-demographic variables in four rural Honduran communities. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 96, 303–314.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sousa, C. P. (2003). Pathogenicity mechanisms of prokaryotic cels: an evolutionary view. Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 7, 23–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sousa, C. P. (2005). The strategies of Escherichia coli pathotypes and health surveillance. Brazilian Journal Health Surveil, 1, 65–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tiyo, R., Guedes T. A., Falavigna D. L., Falavigna-A.L. Guilherme. (2008). Contaminação sazonal das praças públicas e gramados por parasitas com potencial zoonótico no sul do Brasil. Journal of Helminthology, 82(1), 1-6.

  • Vinha, C. (1965). Fundamentos e importância das campanhas contra geohelmintos no Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Malariologia e Doenças Tropicais, 17, 379–406.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2011). Helminthiasis: soil-transmitted helminths Available at: http://www.who. int/intestinal_worms/en/ Acessed in 23/May/2015.

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Companhia Paranaense de Energia (Copel) [under Grant number 1.25.005.000204/2001-65].

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Basic Health Sciences at the State University of Maringá (UEM), Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil

    Joseane Balan da Silva, Ana Lúcia Falavigna-Guilherme & Max Jean de Ornelas Toledo

  2. Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences at the UEM, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil

    Joseane Balan da Silva, Camila Piva, Ana Lúcia Falavigna-Guilherme & Max Jean de Ornelas Toledo

  3. Department of Statistics, Exact Sciences Center at the UEM, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, Paraná, 87020-900, Brazil

    Diogo Francisco Rossoni

Authors
  1. Joseane Balan da Silva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Camila Piva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ana Lúcia Falavigna-Guilherme
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Diogo Francisco Rossoni
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Max Jean de Ornelas Toledo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Max Jean de Ornelas Toledo.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

da Silva, J.B., Piva, C., Falavigna-Guilherme, A.L. et al. Spatial distribution and enteroparasite contamination in peridomiciliar soil and water in the Apucaraninha Indigenous Land, southern Brazil. Environ Monit Assess 188, 217 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-016-5216-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-016-5216-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation