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The effects of haze on dew quality in the urban ecosystem of Changchun, Jilin Province, China

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Abstract

Dew samples were collected during both normal weather and haze events (hazy days) to investigate the chemical characteristics of dew in Changchun, Jilin, China, from 2013 to 2015. The analysis included measures of the following parameters: pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solid (TDS), and the concentration of PM2.5, PM10, major cations (NH4 +, Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+), and major anions (F−, Cl−, SO4 2−, and NO3 −). The results demonstrated that dew water quality from hazy days was much lower quality than that on normal days with a lower mean pH during hazy days (5.75) when compared with that of normal days (6.56); that is, dew water was more acidic in stable atmospheric conditions. Both EC (542.71 μs/cm) and TDS (271.36 mg/L) of dew on hazy days were higher than that on normal days. The mean concentration of particulate matter <2.5 and 2.5–10 μm in diameter (PM2.5 and PM10, respectively) was 21.69 and 51.56 mg/L on normal days and were over 2.48 and 1.79 times higher on hazy days, respectively; that is, dew removed more fine particles on hazy days. On hazy days, the concentrations of water-soluble ions were 3.01–9.32 times higher than levels on normal days. The concentrations of secondary species and K+ on hazy days were much higher than those of other ions. The results indicated dew mainly removed aerosols from automobile exhaust, and industrial waste gas emissions, while to a lesser extent dew did scavenge some water-soluble crustal ions.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge funding support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (41401229). We express our gratitude to the Changchun City Air Quality Monitoring Station and the Changchun City Meteorological Station for providing meteorological data. We are indebted to the senior members of our team for their critical reading, kind remarks, and relevant suggestions. We thank LetPub (www.letpub.com) for its linguistic assistance during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Xincheng St., Dist 5088, 130118, Changchun, China

    Yingying Xu

  2. College of Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Qianjin St., Dist 2699, 130021, Changchun, China

    Yingying Xu & Jie Tang

  3. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shengbei St., Dist 4888, 130102, Changchun, China

    Hui Zhu

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  1. Yingying Xu
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Correspondence to Yingying Xu.

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Xu, Y., Zhu, H. & Tang, J. The effects of haze on dew quality in the urban ecosystem of Changchun, Jilin Province, China. Environ Monit Assess 188, 124 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-016-5131-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-016-5131-8

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