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Dissipation and residue of 2,4-d in citrus under field condition

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Abstract

The dissipation, residues, and risks of 2,4-dicholrophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d) in citrus under field condition were investigated based on a simple ultra-performance LC (UPLC)-MS/MS method. The results indicated that the residue level of 2,4-d in citrus did not degrade gradually with sampling time under field condition. At pre-harvest intervals (PHI) of 20–40 days, 2,4-d residues were 0.021–0.269 mg/kg in citrus flesh, 0.028–0.337 mg/kg in whole citrus, and 0.028–0.376 mg/kg in citrus peel, all bellow the China maximum residue limit in citrus (1 mg/kg). Risks of 2,4-d were assessed by calculation of risk quotient, and the results revealed no significant health risks after consumption of citrus.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. XDJK2014C025), National Key Technology R&D Program (No. 2009BADB7B04), Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (No. cstc2013jjB80009), and China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-27).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, 400712, Chongqing, China

    Weijun Chen, Bining Jiao, Qiyang Zhao & Dali Sun

  2. National Center for Citrus Engineering, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for Citrus, 400712, Chongqing, China

    Weijun Chen, Bining Jiao & Qiyang Zhao

  3. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China

    Xuesu Su

  4. Laboratory of Citrus Quality and Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Agriculture, 400712, Chongqing, China

    Weijun Chen, Bining Jiao, Qiyang Zhao & Dali Sun

  5. Quality Supervision and Testing Centre for Citrus and Seedling, Ministry of Agriculture, 400712, Chongqing, China

    Weijun Chen, Bining Jiao, Qiyang Zhao & Dali Sun

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  1. Weijun Chen
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  2. Bining Jiao
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  3. Xuesu Su
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Correspondence to Bining Jiao.

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Chen, W., Jiao, B., Su, X. et al. Dissipation and residue of 2,4-d in citrus under field condition. Environ Monit Assess 187, 302 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4536-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4536-0

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