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Assessing Bacillus subtilis biosurfactant effects on the biodegradation of petroleum products

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Abstract

Microbial pollutant removal capabilities can be determined and exploited to accomplish bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted environments. Thus, increasing knowledge on environmental behavior of different petroleum products can lead to better bioremediation strategies. Biodegradation can be enhanced by adding biosurfactants to hydrocarbon-degrading microorganism consortia. This work aimed to improve petroleum products biodegradation by using a biosurfactant produced by Bacillus subtilis. The produced biosurfactant was added to biodegradation assays containing crude oil, diesel, and kerosene. Biodegradation was monitored by a respirometric technique capable of evaluating CO2 production in an aerobic simulated wastewater environment. The biosurfactant yielded optimal surface tension reduction (30.9 mN m−1) and emulsification results (46.90 % with kerosene). Biodegradation successfully occurred and different profiles were observed for each substance. Precise mathematical modeling of biosurfactant effects on petroleum degradation profile was designed, hence allowing long-term kinetics prediction. Assays containing biosurfactant yielded a higher overall CO2 output. Higher emulsification and an enhanced CO2 production dataset on assays containing biosurfactants was observed, especially in crude oil and kerosene.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the thoughtful review and important insights provided by Sarah Mae Wachlin and Brent Perumal, providing comments on the manuscript in its entirety and working with the authors as we made revisions to the text. We alone, of course, take responsibility for the final text and any errors that appear therein. Our research group acknowledges CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), FUNDUNESP (Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP), PRH-ANP/MCT (Programa de Formação de Recursos Humanos em Geologia do Petróleo e Ciências Ambientais Aplicadas ao Setor de Petróleo e Gás) and UNESP (Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho”) for the financial support.

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  1. Departamento de Bioquímica e Microbiologia, Instituto de Biociências, UNESP—Univ Estadual Paulista, Avenida 24 A, 1515—Bela Vista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil

    Renato Nallin Montagnolli, Paulo Renato Matos Lopes & Ederio Dino Bidoia

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  1. Renato Nallin Montagnolli
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Montagnolli, R.N., Lopes, P.R.M. & Bidoia, E.D. Assessing Bacillus subtilis biosurfactant effects on the biodegradation of petroleum products. Environ Monit Assess 187, 4116 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-014-4116-8

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