Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Preconcentration of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions from food and vegetable samples using modified activated carbon

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, two N/S-containing chelating agents 2-(4-methoxybenzylideneamino)thiophenol (2-4-MBAT) and 2-(4-chlorobenzylideneamino) benzenethiol (2-4-CBABT) were synthesized as new sorbents and were used for preconcentration of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions in food and vegetable samples. In the proposed procedure, the trace amount of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions from 250 mL of sample solution at pH = 5.0 was preconcentrated by 1 g of activated carbon (AC) loaded with 15 mg of 2-4-MBAT and 2-4-CBABT separately. The breakthrough volumes (maximum sample volume that their metal ions quantitatively can be enriched) for solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure based on the AC modified with 2-4-MBAT and 2-4-CBABT were 800 and 750 mL, respectively. The sorbed Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions were efficiently eluted by 8 mL of 4 mol L−1 HNO3 and preconcentration factor of 112.5 and 93.7 and experimental enhancement factor of 30 and 35 ions were obtained for Zn2+ and Cu2+, respectively. The application of this enrichment procedure allowed the extraction of trace metal ions with recoveries exceeding of 90%.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arain, M. B., Kazi, T. G., Jamali, M. K., Jalbani, N., Afridi, H. I., Kandhro, G. A., Ansari, R., & Sarfraz, R. A. (2008a). Hazardous impact of toxic metals on tobacco leaves grown in contaminated soil by ultrasonic assisted pseudo-digestion: Multivariate study. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 155(1–2), 216–224.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arain, M. B., Kazi, T. G., Jamali, M. K., Jalbani, N., Afridi, H. I., & Baig, J. A. (2008b). Speciation of heavy metals in sediment by conventional, ultrasound and microwave assisted single extraction methods: A comparison with modified sequential extraction procedure. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 154(1–3), 998–1006.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cai, Y. Q., Jiang, G. B., Liu, J. F., & Zhou, Q. X. (2003). Multiwalled carbon nanotubes as a solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of bisphenol A, 4-nonylphenol, and 4-tert-octylphenol. Analytical Chemistry, 75(10), 2517–2521.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, J. P., & Lin, M. (2001). Surface charge and metal ion adsorption on an H-type activated carbon: Experimental observation and modeling simulation by the surface complex formation approach. Carbon, 39(10), 1491–1504.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, S. Y., Chang, C. N., Li, C. L., & Tsai, S. J. J. (2005). Binary modifiers for the determination of zinc in pure copper and nickel-based alloy by longitudinal Zeeman electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. Analytica Chimica Acta, 550(1–2), 156–163.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elci, L., Soylak, M., Uzun, A., Buyukpatir, E., & Dogan, M. (2000). Determination of trace ımpurities in some nickel compounds by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after solid phase extraction using Amberlite XAD-16 resin. Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 368(4), 358–361.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Asadpour, E., & Vafaie, A. (2006). Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of copper, nickel, cobalt, lead and iron content using a surfactant coated alumina. Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 79(3), 432–436.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Ahmadi, F., & Soylak, M. (2007a). Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of copper, nickel, cobalt and lead ions content by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Annales de Chimie, 97, 277–285.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Ahmadi, F., & Soylak, M. (2007b). Preconcentration and separation of nickel, copper and cobalt using solid phase extraction and their determination in some real samples. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 147(1–2), 226–231.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Montazerozohori, M., & Soylak, M. (2007c). Solid phase extraction method for selective determination of Pb(II) in water samples using 4-(4-methoxybenzylidenimine) thiophenole. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 142(3), 368–373.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Shokrollahi, A., & Ahmadi, F. (2007d). Simultaneous preconcentration and determination of copper, nickel, cobalt and lead ions content by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 142(1–2), 272–278.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Niknam, K., Shokrollahi, A., Niknam, E., Rajabi, H. R., & Soylak, M. (2008a). Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of trace amounts of heavy metal ions after solid phase extraction using modified sodium dodecyl sulfate coated on alumina. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 155(1–2), 121–127.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Shokrollahi, A., Kianfar, A. H., Mirsadeghi, A. S., Pourfarokhi, A., & Soylak, M. (2008b). The determination of some heavy metals in food samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after their separation-preconcentration on bis salicyl aldehyde, 1,3 propan diimine (BSPDI) loaded on activated carbon. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 154(1–3), 128–134.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Niknam, K., Shokrollahi, A., Niknam, E., Ghaedi, H., & Soylak, M. (2008c). A solid phase extraction procedure for Fe3+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ ions on 2-phenyl-1H-benzo[d] imidazole loaded on Triton X-100-coated polyvinyl chloride. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 158(1), 131–136.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Tavallali, H., Montazerozohori, M., Mousavi, S. D., Khodadoust, S., & Soylak, M. (2011a). A novel nanometer pore size acorn based activated carbon modified with 2-(4-methoxybenzylideneamino) thiophenol for the preconcentration of copper and zinc ions and their determination in some food samples. Fresenius Environment bulletin, 20(10), 2783–2793.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ghaedi, M., Shabani, R., Montazerozohori, M., Shokrollahi, A., Sahraiean, A., Hossainian, H., & Soylak, M. (2011b). SDS-coated Sepabeads SP70-modified by 4-[(E)-3-phenylallylidene) amino] benzenethiol as new efficient solid phase for enrichment and determination of copper, nickel, chromium, and zinc ions in soil, plants, and mint water samples. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 174(1–4), 171–186.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hassanian, M. M., Kenawy, I. M., El-Menshawy, A. M., & El-Asmy, A. A. (2008). A novel method for speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) and individual determination using Duolite C20 modified with active hydrazone. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 158(1), 170–176.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kazi, T. G., Jalbani, N., Arain, M. B., Jamali, M. K., Afridi, H. I., & Shah, A. Q. (2009). Determination of toxic elements in different brands of cigarette by atomic absorption spectrometry using ultrasonic assisted acid digestion. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 154(1–4), 155–167.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liang, P., Qin, Y., Hu, B., Peng, T., & Jiang, Z. (2001). Nanometer-size titanium dioxide microcolumn on-line preconcentration of trace metals and their determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry in water. Analytica Chimica Acta, 440(2), 207–213.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marahel, F., Ghaedi, M., Shokrollahi, A., Montazerozohori, M., & Davoodi, S. (2009). Sodium dodecyl sulfate coated poly (vinyl) chloride: An alternative support for solid phase extraction of some transition and heavy metals. Chemosphere, 74(4), 583–589.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narin, I., Soylak, M., Elci, L., & Dogan, M. (2000). Determination of trace metal ions by AAS in natural water samples after preconcentration of pyrocatechol violet complexes on an activated carbon column. Talanta, 52(6), 1041–1046.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Narin, I., Soylak, M., Elci, L., & Dogan, M. (2001). Separation and enrichment of chromium, copper, nickel and lead in surface seawater samples on a column filled with Amberlite XAD-2000. Analytical Letters, 34(11), 1935–1947.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poole, C. F. (2003). New trends in solid-phase extraction. TRAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 22(6), 362–373.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Posta, J., Alimonti, A., Petruci, F., & Caroli, S. (1996). On-line separation and preconcentration of chromium species in seawater. Analytica Chimica Acta, 325(3), 185–193.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prasad, K., Gopikrishna, P., Kala, R., Rao, T. P., & Naidu, G. R. K. (2006). Solid phase extraction vis-à-vis coprecipitation preconcentration of cadmium and lead from soils onto 5,7-dibromoquinoline-8-ol embedded benzophenone and determination by FAAS. Talanta, 69(4), 938–945.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramesh, A., Mohan, K. R., Seshaiah, K., & Jegakumar, N. D. (2001). Determination of trace elements by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) after preconcentration on a support impregnated with piperidine dithiocarbamate. Analytical Letters, 34(2), 219–229.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkar, M., Das, M., & Datta, P. K. (2002). Solid-phase extraction for the decontamination of alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, and ammonium salts from heavy metal ions. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 246(2), 263–269.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sesli, E., Tuzen, M., & Soylak, M. (2008). Evaluation of trace metal contents of some wild edible mushrooms from Black sea region, Turkey. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 160(2–3), 462–467.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soliman, E. M., Mahmoud, M. E., & Ahmed, S. A. (2001). Synthesis, characterization and structure effects on selectivity properties of silica gel covalently bonded diethylenetriamine mono- and bis-salicyaldehyde and naphthaldehyde Schiff’s bases towards some heavy metal ions. Talanta, 54(2), 243–248.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soliman, E. M., Saleh, M. B., & Ahmed, S. A. (2004). New solid phase extractors for selective separation and preconcentration of mercury (II) based on silica gel immobilized aliphatic amines 2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde Schiff’s bases. Analytica Chimica Acta, 523(1), 133–140.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Soylak, M., Divrikli, U., & Dogan, M. (1997). Column separation and enrichment of trace amounts of Cu, Ni and Fe on XAD-16 resin in ındustrial fertilisers after complexation with 4-(2-thiazolylazo) resorcinol. Journal of Trace and Microprobe Techniques, 15, 197–204.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tarakci, Z., & Temiz, H. (2009). A review of the chemical, biochemical and antimicrobial aspects of Turkish Otlu (herby) cheese. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 62(3), 354–360.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuzen, M. (2009). Toxic and essential trace elemental content in fish species from the Black Sea, Turkey. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(8), 1785–1790.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuzen, M., Parlar, K., & Soylak, M. (2005). Enrichment/separation of cadmium(II) and lead(II) in environmental samples by solid phase extraction. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 121(1–3), 79–87.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuzen, M., Melek, E., & Soylak, M. (2008). Solid-phase extraction of copper, iron and zinc ions on Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis loaded on Dowex optipore V-493. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 159(2–3), 335–341.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xie, F., Li, H., Ma, Y., Li, C., Cai, T., & Yuan, G. (2009). The ultrasonically assisted metals recovery treatment of printed circuit board waste sludge by leaching separation. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 170(1), 430–435.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Yasouj University, Yasouj, 75914-35, Iran

    M. Ghaedi, M. Montazerozohori, S. Khodadoust & G. Karimipour

  2. Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, 19395-9697, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran

    H. Tavallali, E. Zahedi & M. Amirineko

Authors
  1. M. Ghaedi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Tavallali
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Montazerozohori
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. E. Zahedi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. M. Amirineko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. S. Khodadoust
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. G. Karimipour
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Ghaedi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ghaedi, M., Tavallali, H., Montazerozohori, M. et al. Preconcentration of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions from food and vegetable samples using modified activated carbon. Environ Monit Assess 184, 6583–6591 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2443-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2443-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation